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从尼泊尔回来转眼已经好几个月了，看着去尼泊尔徒步带回来的几十个G的照片，头都是大的，要知道整理照片和写日志对于我来说是一个漫长而痛苦的过程。现先将攀登ISLAND PEAK（岛峰）的照片发上来和朋友们一起分享，让大家和我一起分享那段空气稀薄的难忘时光。 登山是我刚开始户外就喜欢上的一项运动，记得刚刚开始痴迷登山的那年，我接连攀登了四姑娘山的二峰（5276米）、哈巴雪山（5396米），又去西藏攀登了6206米的启孜峰。本来计划接着去冲击7206米的宁金抗沙峰，由于种种原因未能如愿。 2010年国内接着发生了好几起登山的山难事故，电视媒体的报道让家人知道了登雪山原来是那么的危险，极力反对我再去登山。我自己也意识到随着海拔的升高确实会有很多自己无法掌控的危险因素。纠结了好长一段时间，还是决定放弃这项我非常喜欢的运动。 尼泊尔昆布冰河地区有三座入门级雪峰：MERA PEAK [6476米]、IMJA TSE（ISLAND PEAK）[6189米]、LOBUCHE EAST [6119米]。ISLAND PEAK（岛峰），当地名称：IMJA TSE，是一座位于尼泊尔昆布冰河地区的山峰，海拔6189米。其四周由三条巨大的冰河环绕，远远望去犹如一座孤悬在冰河海中的一座岛屿，故名“岛峰”。虽然不是太高，但是每年都会吸引着很多来自世界各地的登山爱好者。 这次去尼泊尔徒步ABC和EBC并计划登ISLAND PEAK（岛峰），是因为两年前在网上看到网友在尼泊尔徒步EBC攀登ISLAND PEAK（岛峰）的图片，心想以后再去尼泊尔EBC徒步的时候，如果能顺便攀登这个雪山，那整个行程就非常完美了。 ABC徒步顺利完成，在送走一起徒步ABC的队友后，我就一直在加德满都等候，希望能找到一起去徒步EBC并且也想去登岛峰的朋友。在加德满都等了几天，终于碰上了刚刚从肯尼亚登山回来的沈阳小伙子小赵，他也正在想去登岛峰，于是和小赵一起结伴同行。 去EBC徒步的人基本上都是逆时针走。我们为了能很好的适应高海拔，顺利登上ISLAND PEAK（岛峰），决定把登ISLAND PEAK（岛峰）放在了整个行程的后半部分。也就是按顺时针走。 经过顺时针连续跨越SAGARMATHA NATIONAL PARK地区的四条沟，翻越了四个五千米的垭口（RENJO PASS5 360米、CHO LA PASS 5368米、LOBUCHE PASS 5110米、KongMA LA 5535米），三座五千多米的山峰（GOKYO RI 5357米、KALA PATTHAR 5550米、CHHUKHUNG RI 5550米）。于第十天终于来到了攀登ISLAND PEAK（岛峰）的聚集地CHHUKHUNG（4730米）。 我们的登山证是在NAMCHE办理的，在CHHUKHUNG的客栈就租用了全套的登山装备（含上升器，下降器，主锁，高山靴，冰爪，安全带，帐篷等）。 ISLAND PEAK（岛峰）有两个登山大本营，BASE CAMP设在5080处，周边有水源，HIGH CAMP设在5600处，水源处较远，取水不是很方便。大部分队伍都选择将营地设在BASE CAMP。我们希望第二天上午登顶后能尽快直接返回到CHHUKHUNG，这样能少走些路，在和客栈老板商量后，决定将营地设在了两个营地之间的5400米处。客栈老板帮我们配备了一个夏尔巴高山向导，一个高山厨师，两个背夫。我们的夏尔巴高山向导桑巴，六次登顶珠峰，人非常好！在CHHUKHUNG一切准备就绪，等待第二天的出发~ 第一天路线：CHHUKHUNG（海拔4730米）－BASE CAMP（海拔5080米）－自建营地（海拔5400米从CHHUKHUNG（4730米）客栈出发 右边的房子就是CHHUKHUNG（4730米）一路都是缓上坡从CHHUKHUNG出来有一对德国夫妇和我们一起，也是去登ISLAND PEAK的，营地也是准备建在5400。路上遇到登山下撤的牦牛运输队左边这个山峰就是ISLAND PEAK海拔6189米，在这看感觉不是很高右边是我们要登的海拔6160米的ISLAND PEAK（岛峰），地图上识高度为6189米左边高大的山峰就是著名的世界第四高峰海拔8516米的LHOTSE（洛子峰）路边的一个登山营地走了两个半小时来到了设在5080处的BASE CAMPBASE CAMP有很多的帐篷，很多登山者都在这里休息，准备第二天的冲顶这里有很多的高山雪鸡，与人和谐相处。敬佩尼泊尔人的保护意识！在BASE CAMP等了一个多小时那对德国朋友才上来，他们高反有些严重，决定留在BASE CAMP休息，第二天再上。我们就按计划继续上到5400米的营地([]
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叶胜群历山为于山西省南部，地理坐为东经111°51′10″—112°5′35″，北纬35°16′30″—35°27′20″，总面积100平方公里，极顶舜王坪位于山西沁水、垣曲、翼城、阳城四县交界处，海拔2358米，是华北南部最高峰。 历山奇峰壁立、沟谷纵横，中心区域地形复杂、人迹罕至，因此保持了完好的原始面貌，被国务院于1982年确定为国家级自然保护区。历山核心区面积7541.5公顷，这里有华北面积最大、保存最完整的原始森林，各种植物多达1400多种，各种乔木、灌木达560余种，其中有8种属国家二、三类保护植物。此外还有菌种类植物资源如猴头、灵芝、银耳、冬虫夏草等。另有药材资源麝香、菖蒲、黄岑、党参、人参、何首乌、当归、苍术、五味子、连壳、籽黄等220种，年供全国各地百万斤以上。良好的植被为各种野生动物提供了良好的栖息地，这里有野生动物330余种，占山西境内动物种类的80%以上。其中有有金钱豹、黑鹳、金雕等国家一级保护动物9种。二级保护动物29种。历山还有悠久的历史及丰富的人文景观，舜王坪因舜耕于历而得名。《史记》记载：“舜生于蒲阪（今永济市），渔于获泽（今阳城县），耕于历山。”坪顶有总面积4000亩的高山草原，山巅有舜王庙、南天门、斩龙台等胜景。历山的另一高峰皇姑曼则传说是舜王的妻子蛾皇生活过的地方。然而，最吸引我的是历山神秘的72混沟。户外界有“墨脱归来不言路，混沟归来不言沟”之说，可见混沟名气之响。混沟是指以皇姑曼为中心呈扇形分布的72条沟谷，1936年阎锡山的部队为修铁路而伐木进入混沟，结果断送几十人性命，更有甚者说是进去一个团，只出来一个连；2002年中央电视台【早安中国】栏目和太原龙网组织了历山探险活动，全国征集户外志愿者1000多人，最后选拔出10人。在有强大后援、直升机配备的情况下，以一人中途死亡而兵败历山！打开网络，敲出混沟两字，随便一搜就会搜出一堆各种各样的传说、消息...... 一、好事多磨上路难 5年？还是6年？说不清始自几年前，我就开始关注历山，默默的为穿越历山做着前期准备，梦想着有一天能走进历山，走进混沟，然而那时有关历山的信息很少，更别说攻略了，直到06年后，河南驴友多支队伍先后去历山，历山的攻略才多了一些，然而种种原因我的历山行却迟迟没能进行。历山地处偏僻、交通不便，虽说距石家庄直线距离仅仅几百公里，但要去一次仅路上就要花差不多两整天时间，而穿越混沟一般需要3天时间，因此去一次历山至少要5天时间，再加上混沟地势复杂，只有天气晴好时才能进入，时间上还要留有一定余地，考虑到来往路费较高、路程占用时间较长的原因，本着少花钱多走路的原则，我在穿越混沟的基础上又增加了穿越东、西峡和舜王坪的计划，这样一来去一次历山就需要七天以上的时间，只有黄金周大假才有可能成行。考虑到春节不适于穿混沟，唯有天高气爽、雨雾概率小的十、一是去历山的最佳选择了。去年十、一我曾做出了穿越历山的计划。我的计划是由东川开始穿越，首先穿越东峡，再步行或乘车于后文堂，找向导毕俊杰带路上皇姑曼、穿混沟，出后河后再乘车回西哄哄（或后文堂），再穿西峡上舜王坪，最终从下川踏上返程。如果有时间的话，返程还可以去沁河古村落一游。计划是不错（至少自我感觉不错），但最后时刻却因报名人员少于最低4人的出行要求而中止计划。今天十、一，我再次发出了历山行的召集贴。历山穿越示意（根据记忆绘制，可能有误） 10.1很快就要到了。27日晚最后确定人员，有的本来有意参加的驴友因这事那事去不成，还好有5人确定出行，看来今年历山之行黄不了啦。28日6点就去买票，不料30日不论是到晋城的2163还是到济源方向的Ｋ589或Ｋ183票都已出完，想换成太原方向的车也没有合适的车次，无奈，快8点时又跑了一趟火车站，想实在不行只能买1日的票了。意外的是这时2163倒有了30日的票。出了火车票，不料下午老马又打电话说单位30日下午有重要的事，2163可是中午1点多的车，他下午有事企不是去不成了？老马又说此事没最后定，让等一下他的消息。“30日不行1日出发行不？如行我就与其它人勾通一下，改一下车票，推迟一天出发”。推迟一天意味着计划就要压缩行程，但没有办法，因为老马是两个人，他若去不成我们就只剩3个人了，那就少于最少4个人的出行要求。29日上午去改车票，工作人员告知1日的车票已全部售完，无法改（原来火车票字是要占用正常的车票额度的）。电话联系老马商量怎么办，老马开口的第一句话就是“一个坏消息，我肯定去不成了，推迟到1日出发也去不成了，因为夫人身体欠佳”。头痛，真让人头痛，难道又要重蹈去年取消活动的复辙？可票已出，取消出行的话仅退票就要损失好几十元钱的，更重要的是会让铁心走混沟的老于、efun寒心。关健时候幸亏老朋友老席冲破千难万阻顶了上来，这才保证了最低的出行人数，不过老席很不厚道的要敲我的竹杠，“你得请我，我要是不去你们又去不成了”。“啊呸！想的美”。30日是国庆前的最后一天，是我们国庆出行的第一天。中午1点，我和老于、efun、老席会齐于火车站，滚滚人潮中我们终于上路了。此行的4个队员：前排左efun、右为笔者，后排左老于、右为老席列车习惯性的晚点（对此我们已习以为常），走出晋城车站时已是晚上9点35分，车晚了一个多小时。一般人去历山都选择走垣曲或沁水，我却特立独行的选择了走阳城，因为从地图上看，我们穿越的起点东川村虽说属于沁水，但离阳城更近一点。由晋城坐班车到阳城换班车到口河，再由口河包小面或三轮车翻一道小梁就是东川。这样走比从晋城坐班车到沁水然后包车到东川费用要低一些。不过最终这个计划没能完全实现，这是后话。夜色中的晋城火车站找个小旅馆住一晚，第二天一早乘6点10分的班车，7点25分抵达阳城。打听去口河的车，一位工作人员操着很浓重的地方口音对我说：“去口河？坐8点去李圪瘩的车，那车现在还没来，你去问下那边停的那辆黄壳车，问他李圪瘩的车还来不来”。“黄壳车”？我转了一圈儿也没看到什么黄色的车。再问那个工作人员，那人很热情的把我领到了一辆开往横河的车前，“这不就是黄壳的车么”。我这才明白他说的“黄壳”是“横河”，原来当地口音横、黄不分。李圪瘩的车没来，我们只能坐这辆去横河的车，到索泉岭再包车，从地图上看索泉岭到口河大约10多公里。班车驶在阳城的街道上 班车司机为我们联系了一辆小面。索泉岭（李圪瘩与横河公路的忿路处）下车，小面已等在路旁，司机开口就要150。好家伙，虽说没走过这段路，但我知道索泉岭到东川不过20来公里，撑破天也到不了30公里，哪值150？讨价还价，一番语言大战，僵持了20多分钟后那个司机同意100元把我们送到东川。我们坐上了车，他又说他没去过东川，要去“问问路”。这一问问又来了，他叫来的一个老乡对我们说“去东川的路断了，三轮车都过不去，更别说汽车了”。小面司机说：“东川是去不了了，这么着吧，减20，80，我把你们送到裴圪台”。在我印象里从口河拐进去没多远就是裴圪台，离东川远着呢，但为了赶时间，我实在不想再争来争去，又认为断路的地方不会是裴圪台村边，应该更靠里，所以同意了司机的条件，但要求他尽量往前送一送，送到车确实不能再走为止。车上路了，一路上上下下，大约10多公里时过了一个明显的岔路，是水泥的岔路，心中怀疑那就是去裴圪台的路，但又觉的司机是当地人，即使没去过东川也不可能不知道去裴圪台的路吧，怀疑就没有说出来。再行不远是一个不小的村子，名柴圪瘩。听到柴圪瘩三个字，我意识到路肯定是走错了，下车一问，果然错已过了去裴圪台的路口。小面在柴圪瘩村准备掉头 柴圪瘩村的一户民居车掉过头来，向刚才看到的岔路奔去。拐进岔沟不过两公里裴圪台已到，过裴圪台村不过一里水泥路已到尽头，司机说前边的路不能跑了。看看前边的路确实不强，我们只好下车。整包上路，边走边议论：此地距我们下班车的索泉岭不到15公里，这么近的地方作为当地人不可能不知道这条岔路。老席说这点路最多值50元，司机所做的一切（问路、跑错路等）都是在表演节目，我们被小小的涮了一把。唉，人在江湖飘，哪能不挨刀。水泥路的尽头众人在做出发前的准备 二、牛刀小试东峡路10点55分，我们沿着一条有无数车辙的三轮车路上路了。按我事先的计划，我们本来要在今天10点前后到达东川，再用大约4小时的时间穿越东峡，然后在天黑前赶到后文堂过夜并联系带我们穿混沟的向导。可现在快11点了，我们才刚离开裴圪台，这儿离东川还有约15里翻山路，按经验，15里山路至少要2小时时间，那今天我们还能按计划在天黑前赶到后文堂吗？现在看，悬。行走在通往东川的大路上 一路走在前边的efun 一路上行。这条路上有两个村子：前松甲、后松甲，前松甲人还多点，后松甲却仅剩两户人家，几乎被废弃，至于建于两村之间的松甲小学更是只有一间教室，并早已成了一座空房。过后松甲路拐进另一条沟里，脚下的路开始盘山而饶，路况越来越差，坡也越来越大，不过始终是贯通的，这点从路面上众多的新车辙可以看出来。完全不象“路断了，三轮车都过不去”的样子。被废弃的只有一间教室的松甲小学几被废弃的后松甲 拐过几个弯后是一山口，一辆三轮车正从对面开下来，看到眼前的路，看着缓缓下行的三轮车我们才明白这路小面确实是上不来，不过你明说路太差，车没法跑，只能送我们到裴圪台不就完了，干吗非要叫个老乡来演双簧，借它人之嘴说什么路断了呢？efun还是走在前边，老于和老席则在不远的后边边走边聊，好象有说不完的私房话。脚下是大大小小的乱石，我只顾埋头走路，两无暇旁顾。正走着，忽听后边的老席象发现新大陆似的喊着什么。走回去才发现路旁的崖壁下有两座坟茔。这种方式的墓葬还真不多见，若非其中一座坟茔外面垒砌的石墙坍塌，还真不知那是两座坟墓呢对面来了一辆三轮车后边的老席在看什么崖壁间的两座坟茔过山口路拐进另一条沟里，山坡上有古松，有房屋的废墟，左侧的沟中还有大片的梯田，显示过去曾有人在些居住、生活过。我感觉田间的小路能通到我们要去的垭口，然而又怕走错了路。算了，还是走大路吧，虽说饶远但保险。路边的一棵古松，其旁有房屋的废墟 接近垭口了，路旁的石是红的，脚下的土也是红的，efun捡到了一块煤渣，他怀疑红土下边有煤矿，老席则认为那煤是过往的车辆上掉下来的。应该是老席说的对吧。路的下边就是那片的梯田（后悔没有走小路，呵呵），已被废弃的梯田，梯田间也有废弃的石屋，看规模象是个住家。在这儿生活，水怎么解决？打井？走在红色的大道上 下边的梯田、房屋废墟 12点半，我们登上了垭口，这儿是阳城和沁水的界山，垭口处立有界碑，我们在此稍事休息，烟鬼老于坐在界碑上抽开了烟。这个老于，一屁股坐了两个县。下边的路是一路下行，路比想象的还好走，看样子用不了多长时间就能下到沟底，我们计划到了有水的地方吃午餐。过垭口不远有一平地，中间有一坟茔，坟前还戳着两个石塔，正在路旁休息的一老乡说那是当代一位县太爷的坟，这地方风水好啊。两县间的界碑 一屁股坐了两个县的老于 一位当代县太爷的坟茔 20分钟后我们已看到了沟底东川通东峡的公路，此时路的一边已有了水源，但大家都说进了东峡，找个山青水秀的地方再吃饭。弃大路走沟底，再行数分钟已上通东峡的水泥公路上。这么好的公路，莫非东峡已被开发？后边过来的一放牛的大嫂的话让我们放了心，“没有开发，只是修了一条路”。唉，不管多好的地方，开发就意味着被破坏，只要一开发就变味，这已成了规律，所以驴友最不喜欢的就是“被开发”。东峡路边的古塔路边的保护区责任牌，这样的牌子我们后来见过好几个走在“景区”公路上 公路走到头，两侧的山陡然收窄，东峡由此而始。东峡，北起沁水县下川乡东川村南，南至阳城县东哄哄村。全长10公里，其中核心地段长6.5公里，宽10至46米，是历山十四大景区之一。东峡谷深峡窄，两壁如削如切，谷中巨石累累、植被茂密，沟底溪水清澈、潭瀑相连，据说谷中有惊心石、黑龙潭、济公石等景观，还有三搂粗、号称全国最大杏树王的古树，更有抗日战争时期邓 小 平同志率部智勇走东峡，摆脱日寇围追堵截的故事。走进东峡东峡口的地貌现在我们脚下是石质河床，溪水从石上流过，将石切出一道深槽，形成潭瀑相连的景观，我们选择此处为我们午餐的地点，此时时间已是1点半了。兴奋让我们忘记了饥饿。各吃各的，谁也不肯替别人减负。人性啊，人性咋就这么差？咋都不肯助人为乐呢？雷锋同志在哪里？我的食品还是馕，只要不是冬季，我都是选择馕为中午的主食，这东西好啊，十天半月的坏不了，若是烙饼，夏季节令两天时间就会馊。我们开始午餐 一旁的小瀑从水潭对面拍午餐中的队友([]
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赖宏达Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangMr YANG Liusong, a Chinese who just finished the first solo traverse over Chang Tang by cycling from west to east in recorded human history, shared his stunning Expedition with all of us through the forum 8264 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-512349-1-1.html . In order to share his legendary journey with those who cannot read Chinese, I translate his story to English here, which has been approved by Mr YANG Liusong. Hope you guys enjoy it.为了让杨同学的传奇能让全世界的驴友分享，俺决定把杨同学的帖子翻译成英文。为了避免麻烦，俺先来个免责声明：1。杨同学不认识俺，也没有授权俺，如果他说不要翻译了那俺就随时终止；2。俺没有商业目的，译版版权归杨同学，俺啥也不要，也不承担法律责任；3。没有杨同学授权，不敢擅自发在国外网站，发在原帖处，荣誉归8264；4。俺英语水平有限，欢迎指正，欢迎转贴。 Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangBy Yang LiusongIt has been three months since I traversed the unpopulated region in the Great Chang Tang. There are many like-minded asking me about it. I now present this thread to briefly tell everybody about my journey.The starting point of this traverse was from the highest peak of the western part of the Tibetan plateau, Jieshan Daban, and the day was April 20, 2010.I was heading eastward passing Bungdag Co, Yanghu Co, Rola Co, and Kangzhagri Mountain, which crossed over the desolate region from west to east. The journey continued northward to enter the unpopulated area of Altun Mountains, through Hoh Xil Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Whale lake, ..., finally met some people by the Aqqikkol Hu and then arrived in Huatugou by vehicle three days later and that day was July 5. It had been 77 days in total. I had been all alone 74 days after leaving Jieshan Daban until arriving inAqqikkol Hu, which was about 1400km and about four months.[The Great Chang Tang] In Tibetan, ";Chang Tang" means northern empty wilderness while narrowly, means unpopulated region in northern part of Tibet. However, it actually indiCATes all of the no man's land in northern. The great Chang Tang includes desolate places in Northern Tibet, Hoh Xil, Alun Mountains, and Kunlun Mountains, which are interconnected to form the unique and super empty wilderness in the world. Only because Hoh Xil is the most known name, most people just think this vast land is equivalent to Hoh Xil. In reality, Hoh Xil is only a small piece of the Great Chang Tang both administratively and geologically. The Great Chang Tang, the last land to chase your freedom and dream.The route that I traversed ForeplayI arrived in Tibet in the early March, a couple of troubles bothered me. The brand new plug got its positive and negative wrongly connected; the rivets of my rucksack eASIly got broken from now and again; and a multi-functional charger got damaged and so on. Riding my bike to Ngari for warming up of this journey, lost my rucksack but later got it back; lost my camera bag and got it back later again, and finally lost a big bicycle pannier in the street of Gyangze town under the eyes of police, including clothes, solar panel and so on.Without much choice, I returned to Lhasa to adjust all the stuff I would need in the wilderness. Then I begged some luck by going to Nyingchi to enjoy the blossoms of peach trees and to take a hot spring bath. I even had the privilege to enjoy time with ten girls in the hot spring. I felt my bad luck had all gone and then returned to Lhasa again to prepare going to Ngari. I did not expect that I was cheated on by some hustler and lost some money and delayed my schedule for a week. I had to find a car myself quickly to Nagri. However, I lost the tool for fast-parting my rear wheel on my way to Nagri, where was a remote area in Tibet and nowhere to buy the tool. Even if there was one in Lhasa it would take at least ten days for a special delivery service. I was lucky that my mate Duola asked a driver to bring the tool for me from Lhasa. I thought there should be no more nightmare like this but the nozzle of my brand new multi-fuel stove was broken. The next day I tried everywhere to weld them back together. The first three shops could not do the welding for copper. The fourth one said they could do it but could not guarantee a sUCCess. The engineer said it would be ten Chinese yuans if it was a success. I agreed. Just in seconds, my nozzle became crap in a flash of lightening. I was so upset. Again, Duola helped me by bringing her own MSR oil stove and Dingding's sleeping bag to Nagri. That was already April 16 and I did not have much time to waste. The following day I found a vehicle heading to Jieshan Daban.The sand storm over Yarlung Zangbo RiverA lonely peach tree blossoming in Yarlung Zangbo Grand CanyonNatural hot spring in wild, me singing and drinking (photo by a friend of mine) Day 1(April 20), 16km, Camping 5192mIt was a truck with a full load of iron wastes, arriving in Jieshan Daban at 6'o clock in the morning. It was still night and extremely cold and dark. Driver was not bothered to pop his head out of the driving cab. I climbed up on the top of the iron wastes, taking my bicycle down. In a hurry, I punched my old water bag. Fortunately I had another MSR water bag given by a friend of mine otherwise I would definitely fail without even starting my journey. For the first time for me to set up the brand new tent in strong, cold winds. It would be impossible to do so if the tent was not a whole piece. Extremely cold outside, about -15C, might be lower than that, I put my head into the sleeping bag but was nearly suffocated to death, honestly. The smell of Dingding's sleeping bag was, lol, so extraordinary. I woke up around 11 o'clock. There were still strong winds outside so that I had to use my bodyweight to keep the tent in place. At the time when I just started to cook and eat, four patrolling soldiers approached me. To their surprise someone, in this season, camped in Jieshan Daban. I was so nervous and afraid they were the people to block my journey because I was caught and deported from the desolate land last year. Luckily the four soldiers did not know my destination and were very kind to me. After they left, I immediately packed my stuff and pushed my bike into the depths of the unpopulated area just in case anything unexpected happened.The bike was very heavy due to the provisions and hard to control. There was even a quite small hill that I had to remove my bike panniers to get over it. This really struck me because this happened even the path was still the hardship one at the moment and I could not imagine what I would do once I entered the uncertain, endless wilderness. Until now I had not met anyone, even the nomadic pastoralists. I remembered there were quite a few of them roaming at the edge of the northern Tibetan plateau last year. All of these indicated it was not the good pasture season in such low temperature and strong winds. Around 16km there was a sheep cote, where I passed it last year, east of Lungmu Co. I was exhausted at this point so that I decided to camp in here and to rest my head. After arranging tent everything I went out to look for the wetland discovered by Duola and Liumeng last year. I was determined to find it.There were many hot springs in the wetland which were underground water with a constant temperature. The wetland therefore became an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such harsh weather, which was the very unique land feature of terrain in this over 5200m highland.Perpetual snow in the valley blown to corn shape by strong windsThis wetland was discovered by Duola and Liumeng. The workers at a nearby mine did not know it and I too missed it last yearUnderground water with a constant temperature, an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such icy weather 感谢大伙儿支持和加分，不一一回复了。特别感谢多啦，希望能有机会一起喝酒吃肉。 Day 2 (April 21), 0km, Camping5192mBlustering gale all night, up and down like ocean waves. The next day rather than continuing to travel, I stayed inside the sheep cote, hesitating and pondering over. Indeed, there were so many problems before this journey;I did not have sufficient physical preparation;the load had already reached its limitation; I still coughed a lot;the weather was so extreme and cold. All in all, I did not think this journey was well prepared and I did not have confidence in completing this journey mentally and physically. To do, or not to do, it was the question. Similarly I did not have confidence in my facilities, not knowing whether all of them would work functionally or not. The fact was one of the rivets got broken again and the front rack came loose. In the afternoon, I replaced all the rivets of the panniers with screws I had prepared before. This was an excellent job I had done which gave me no further troubles throughout my whole journey. I also re-adjusted the front rack. However I did not think it would definitely all right because I did not have a tool to do it. When the darkness descended,I made up my mind to continue my journey, which, of course, was not beyond any imagination. Orchid-like weedsSmall springs everywhere, clear and chillyA thin layer of ice covering the fresh spring water The sheep cote, it was the door under the sleeping bag, which was in the same place as last year, everything looked like yesterdayThe wetland at duskLungmu Co at dusk. You could hear the gigantic sound of wind if the picture had a sound Day 3 (April 22), 52.4km, Camping 5145mGot up in the morning, could not put everything into the bags. Without much choice I had to throw away three portions of tsampa, elbow pads, and crampons. Following the road of the lead-zinicmine I found the side path to enter the wilderness, which was on the riverbed and very hard to see. I missed this side path last year so that I had to take a short cut into the wilderness directly then. That was why I had taken extra care to find the side path. The following journey was to get over a big hill, which lay 5275m above sea level and was the highest point of my whole journey. Around 2 o'clock in the afternoon, I passed the side path leading to Orba Co and started a journey which was complete strange to me. I ate a piece of pilot breads, which was frozen like rocks so that I had to use my spade to crush it. At 6 o'clock in the evening, I had pushed plus rode my bicycle for about 32 km. I reckoned I should have been able to double this if I did no carry such heavy load. The wind became stronger and stronger. I opened the parasail kits and tested it. The result was far beyond what I expected. With the aid of the strong wind I was just like flying over the wilderness. After 8 o'clock in the evening, I started to observe the water Source and to get ready to camp. Map showed there were successive springs along the path and assembled to puddles. But I had overestimated the water source here in this land and in this season there were endless wilderness inside the valley, where I could not see a single drop of water. As it became darker and darker, I felt a little bit nervous which resulted in three spokes of the parasail broken and became a useless rubbish. Anyway, it helped me to move forward 20km more which benefited me a lot later on. When time approached 9.30 pm, it was almost completely dark. I had to lie my bike on the ground and went on to try to find water on the north side of the valley. This was a wide and flat sandy land, where I could not see any ditches there and further was complete darkness. I returned to get my GPS to look up the contours and found the south part of the valley was closer to a hill so I took the way. Finally I found a piece of ice in a ditch. I smashed about 20litre of ice. The ice was quite shallow scattered with sheep poo. On my way back, my eyes were hurt by strong winds, which got me a couple of days to recover. It was nearly 23 o'clock after I set up the tent. It also took about 40 mins to melt the ice. I was so tired and my appetite was completely spoiled. I then had a little bit of milk. I had never expected thing would go like this, it was so distressing. Streams along the path, ice everywhereThe river flew into Matou Hu, in whose north part there was a satellite lake, a wonderful ice-skating court It took 40mins to melt the ice in midnight Day 4 (April 23), 31km, Camping 5028mA cloudy day with gusts. From now and again, hails chased me from behind. Sunny spell. Heavy sandy land made me have to push my bike. At 3pm, I arrived at Luxing Hu, where there was a house made of clay. This was the last permanent building of my journey. Last year, Duola and Liumeng once lived in this house for three days without meeting anybody. It seemed it was the same but the truck parking in front of the house made me worry about. I went to the sheep cote first to check over, where there were only a few lambs following me everywhere I went later on. This made me feel warm in my heart. I observed farther places using my binoculars but could not see any people or sheeps. After making sure there were no people around I opened the locked door using a screwdriver. The living room was very clean. There were two boxes of beverages on the ground and a string of cured lamb legs hanging over in the interior room. A pot of water was on the top of the stove, lukewarm, which indicated the host must be not far away from his home. I filled up my water bag and left the house. I also put the screws back to the door in order not to leave any trace of my visiting. I then took a spanner from the toolbox of the truck, which gave me great help for the rest of the journey.I left the house as quickly as possible. After last year's experience, the nomadic pastoralists were the last people I wanted to meet. A few hundred meters away from the house, the vehicle traces were fading fast. Even downhill, I had to push rather than to ride because of the heavy loose sand. From the route point of view, only after Luxing Hu it was the real unpopulated land. After many days, I thought of the lamb legs from time to time. It was pity that I then had plenty of provisions and the bike was too heavy to carry anything more. Continue to melt the ice under the morning sunshine, all of the sheep poo had been removed carefullyCamping site, the little hill over there was the place where I got the ice last nightThe house by the Luxing Hu, empty, the last permanent building I saw throughout my journeyDay 5 (April 24), 19.8km, Camping 4951mSet off at 10.30 in the morning, the weather was similar to yesterday. Probably this road was the high plain or somewhere the wind passed so that it was so windy. The average wind speed was degree 6 but could reach degree 9 in the blick of an eye. The road was still full of sand and very heavy to walk on it. My eyes became worse under such harsh weather. About three o'clock in the afternoon, I saw something in my right, looked like antenna. I went closer to see what it was and found out it was an iron tower (the triangulation station). In 1970s, a joint team from Chinese three military regiments entered this area doing research. They have left a lot of triangulation stations and benchmarks, which I had the priviledge to see them today.At dusk, I approached to a spring by the Bungdag Co, which flew into the frozon lake. The sand and soil, brought by the strong wind, scattered on the surface of the ice all over the lake. There were so many cracks around the icey surface of the lake. I geussed it must be caused by the springs under the water rather than by melted ice. In the west of the Bungdag Co was the side path leading to Keriya Pass, where a SUV could reach directly. I had looked out any vehicle Tracks but failed. The cloudy sky started to snow. I set up the tent comfortably because I knew that I was safe having such a sweet spring beside me.Triangulation station erected by scientists from the joint research team on Chang Tang of three military regiments in 1971[size=+0]The gap between water and ice in Bungdag Co, I guessed there must be some springs under the lakeThe storm just above the ground, a chaotic darkness[size=+0]Icy Bungdag Co,one of the four biggest lakes in Northern Tibet, wild ducks flying over this vastness and lonenessSnowing at any time, should not happen so frequently like this in this seasonDay 6 (April 25), 4.3km, Camping 5002mWeathering landforms everywhere around this area. Spongy volcanic rocks could be found easily. I pushed my bike turning around a small hill, seeing a big river, the Yinshui He, flowing from Orba Co into Bungdag Co, which I had been to its upstream last year. It was also a passage for animal migration. The downstream of the river was extremely wide and broad. The thickess of the ice layer could reach one meter with the main stem in the middle course of the river, very deep. There were a few springs along the river, sweet and clear.I only went forward a little bit more than 4km but I had walked more than 20km for finding my way. It was not possible to cross the main stem, let alone the north bank of Bungdad Co. What I could only do was to try to find a shallow place to cross. But the southern area was a even larger piece of wetland and forced the road turn towards west. I spent a couple of hours but failed to find a good point to cross the river. In the afternoon, I decided to follow the edge of the wetland. When I reached the hill foot, the wetland finally disappeared. Around this area, there were clearly volcanic feature of terrain and I even found traces of pasturing and cairns made from volcanic rock.Here was the last pasturing trace I found throughout my journey, I guessed it was a summer pasture area. After this, there was no clear sign of human activities in this vast wilderness. I had been looking for my ways until it was dark. I made up my mind where to go TOMOrrow. The terrain here looked like Yardang landforms, as well as volcanic landforms The Yinshui He river from Orba CoSprings scattered all over the river bank, painted green by lovely algaeThe river was very deep. The mixture of green and amber colour showed the sand and mud carried by the melted iceThick layer of ice, sunken surface caused by strong gustsThe south course of the Yinshui He, countless small streams. To the right was the wetlandLooking for ways in the east, a trace of pasturing and the cairn made from spongy volcanic rocksMy camp, opposite to the hillDay 7 (April 26), 11km, Camping 5009mI moved forward to the direction I found yesterday, turning around the wetland and walking toward east. At 2pm, I was blocked by the zigzag Yinshui He again and I had no choice but to cross it. The river was about 700m wide, covered by ice which appeared very different. The hanging ice, the folding ice, the piling-up ice, the icy puddle, and the sleet were everywhere along the river bank. Having noticed all of these, I reckoned the river would be receding at dusk, which was why there were so many different shapes and forms of ice. I put my slipper on, going into the main stream of the river. I found there were at least three different courses of the river, the thickness of the surface ice varied and the river water reached above my knees. I sighed there would be no way back once I crossed this river. There are many ways in one's life too, you can only take it once and you will no long have the courage to repeat it.I pushed the bike crossing the river. Some of the ice was a bit soft, jamming the tyres so that I had to use my feet to break them first. Some of the ice was a bit thick but with half-melted underneath, sticking the the bike completely, some of the ice was half-water half-ice with a sandy riverbed, which was really hard to pass. I had to remove all of the panniers at the last stage of the crossing. I spent the whole four hours to cross the river, my legs got many bloody cuts. At 6pm, the surface ice was almost disappeared completely, the river level rapidly rising to a chaotic status. I thought if I hesitated a little bit at that time, I could not have the courage to cross this river under such circumstances. The river bank was unimaginably sandy and was quite steep. I had to unloaded the panniers again to reach the top of the bank. By the time of sunset, the weather became exceptionally good. The sunlight from the descending sun, the blue sky, the faint moon, .... I liked such a colorful and peaceful Chang Tang and very much enjoyed my camp and myself bathed in such beautiful colour.The ice like this was very thin and suspended, far away from the main stemHard surface with half-melted underneath, the soft sand at the botton was most scaryThe ice like this could easily jam the wheels, hard to get it outI had to unload the panniersChaotic water and terrible hails turned up in no timeThe Chang Tang at the moment liked it used to be,a mixture of cold and warm tones under the golden setting sun Day 8 (April 27), 14.6km, Camping 5112mLast night, I forgot to bring in the odometer, which was out of order due to the coldness in midnight. Since then I used GPS to check the mileage. The digital thermometer was no longer working. I had to use mercury thermometer to collect data. Night temperatures were basically between –15℃—–20℃ while the temperature inside my tent was about –10℃. The advantage of the integrated tent was that it limited the ventilation so to keep warm inside. However, it got clearly disadvantage of heavy condensation and dew. Every morning, there was plenty of frost inside the tent so that I had to put my hood on First Before fully getting dressed. The winds in Chang Tang finally became consistent with the pattern I had researched the other day no or very tiny wind in the morning, strong wind started after 2pm, and then at around 8pm its strength was reduced again. The accuracy of this prediction was about 80%.The road was very bad today. I walked whole afternoon in an ancient riverbed and it was so difficult that I had to use all of my strengths to move a small step forward and then to stop to breath, slower than a snail. After five hours' struggling, my eyes got wet when I saw the grassy river bank. Finally! The nightmare was over.Cold and clear morningHeavy morning condensation in the interior, a lot of frost to clearSuch dawning sunlight indicated a cloudy day ahead Day 9 (April 28), 18km, 5072mIn the morning I entered a range of sandy roads which were so terrible. The solar panel specially designed for GPS got short circuited. After checking it was found to be the diode got damaged. Luckily I got a replacement. Because the GPS was exclusively supplied by a solar panel so that it was no longer a problem for the power supplement of GPS. In a period of 70 days, I did replace the battery once, which saved me a lot of alkaline batteries. I did have another solar panel of 5.4 W which was used specifically for 7.5V Camera, DV and other digital facilities. Unlike water, I had never been short of power.At 7pm in the evening, I arrived at Pur Co. The surface of this lake was very odd the ice by the river bank rose and the river bank was broken, I reckoned that was due to the strong winds. The ice there was mingled with something yellow, could be the stain of alkali. There were many wild yaks on the other side of the lake. There could be two brown bears but I could not be for certain. On the east side of the lake, there was a peninsula leading to the centre of the lake. I camped just opposite to the peninsula. At night , I smashed the ice to get drinking water, which tasted alkali. For the first time I cooked the cereals, which was brought completely by accident. This was just because I found there was a little bit of extra space when I was in Nagri packing the stuff for this journey so that I bought two packs of cereals. It tasted disgusting, probably there was too much alkali in the water. I threw away half of it. Later I realised that probably I subconsciously felt that the provisions was so heavy. I would rather make it lighter at any cost.Dry all my stuff in the morning sun, a routine matterA faint dusk in Pur CoThe river bank pushed up by ice and opened like zipper by gustsThe pushed up surface of the iceThe place where I got my drinking water, a thin layer of ice behind the ablation corns The moment just before sun set, glittering Pur Co, nothing was the same差点儿没找到俺自己的帖子，原来变色了。多谢各位鼓励。 Day 10 (April 29), 16km, Camping 5141mIn the morning, I walked around the north bank of the Pur Co， where it were continuous ups and downs sprinkled with light yellow sprouts across the sparse grassland. The wild yaks clustered into small groups. All of a sudden, there was a group of five of them running towards me, blowing a huge cloud of dust with the power of thunderbolts,I believed that anyone who did not know the characters of the wild yaks must be frightened to death under such circumstances. The fact was the wild yaks in groups never injured people. Rushing to you just to show you its territory. When they approached people at certain distance, they would turn sharply and run away, and then stopped somewhere high to stare at you. You can not imagine that the wild yaks were very cautious animals compared with its almost one ton of weight. Their first reaction, when meeting people, was to raise their tails, the front hooves rubbing against the ground, the horns pointing forward, the eyes redden, and the long body hair shaking, all of which showed their determination to fight.This was the warning sign that you should retreat. However, you should realise that this was only a gesture that they were afraid of you and wanted to scare you away. The thing was that if you were not afraid of them and moved forward, they would run away in no time. There were only some mad yaks attacking people, which was really rare to happen. In Chang Tang, an experienced driver know that it is very dangerous to pass directly from two or three lonely wild yaks. They always tried to avoid confronting them directly. If this was not possible, they would lit a cigarette, smoking, to wait until the yaks walked away themselves. This was because the wild yaks really could attack vehicles, which was not completely rumors. I once asked them why I had not been attacked. They told me that because my bike was so small they would not be bothered to attack it. My own experience was that approaching a wild yak very slowly, do not look into its eyes, and ignored what it was doing. As long as it moved forward a little bit, just stop and give the yaks a little bit of time to think. Because if you forced the yak, it could be themost dangerous animal in the world and nothing could stop them killing. Even a gunshot could not kill it but only left a small hole in its skin. In the past, the nomads living near this land would use yaks' skin as chopping board which was very much endurable. At noon, I lost my balacLAVA, which was brand new and I had never used it once. I could not be bothered to go back tofind it. This resulted in that I had to have my fleece hat day and night in the rest of my journey, which did not provide fully protection from the sun in the plateau. But somehow I was all right, perhaps because my skin is similar to those of yaks, lol. At around half past one, I found a deserted Jeep, upside down. I felt it could be there for years and it could be the vehicle of someillegal HUNTERs. Nowadays, we have wildlife conservation reserves in Chang Tang and the animals here are well protected. However, some people kills the wild yaks to sell them as the domestic yak's meat. In general, it is worth 10,000 Chinese yuans for a single wild yak. Therefore many people take the risk to make money. They often enter the unpopulated areas to hunt and their activities can reach 200 km in diameter. This is why the wild yaks in the deep wilderness are less afraid of people than thoseat the boundaries of the Chang Tang region.There once happened that a wild yak mother revenged its baby's murder in the Altun mountains. Its horns pierced the killer's chest and held his body over its head for more than ten days, which was very touching.Around 3pm, I walked out of the Pur basin. The next point was Hong Shan Daban and then it was the Yueya Hu by the Toze Gangri. At this time I found a vehicle track from south to north. I checked over but could not find the way where they had gone. I took my map, GPS, and compass, climbing up a small hill to estimate the location of Hong Shan Daban. The mountain was very round and it was hard to find the mountain pass. After determining the location of the Daban, I moved straightforward. When I passed a messy grassland, I saw something that I was reluctant to see more than hundreds of wild yaks' head scattered all over, which was definitely the scene of the illegal hunting. After that it was a very long ancient river bed with soft sand slowly rising until the foot of the mountain.There are some spines on the surface of the tongues of wild yaks, which are used by nomads in this area as combs. They use them from their teens to the time when their hair becomes silver.The deserted Jeep, could be left by illegal hunters years agoThe slaughtered wild yaks with the wheel size heads. Some of the skulls were chopped into half. Why was that? Could be taken away for making combs?My camp at the foot of the Daban underthe lingering golden rays of the setting sun. Tomorrow's weather must be wonderful, I reckoned Day 11(April 30)， 20.4km, Camping 5120mThe surface of the road leading to Hong Shan Daban was very hard, most of them were small rocks, sort of gravels, plus a quite long downhill slope, I pushed my bike more than 20km for the first time after Luxing Hu. The mountain pass was quite flat, just like a broad ridge, it was 5256m above the sea level. Upon arriving at the pass, Toze Gangri of 6356m was in my sight clearly, very much round and there was no back bone like normal snow covered mountains. Most of the snow mountains in Chang Tang looked like this probably it was due to the geological movements. There were quite a few chirus or Tibetan antelopes in the valley but I was not interested in this kind of animals anymore after I witnessed a large scale of migration of such animals last year elsewhere.The herbivorous animals here are very quick to reach its original size of the population, such as wild yaks, chirus, Tibetan gazelle, pika, and marmot. When you go into the depths of the Chang Tang, you could hardly be surpised by the sudden appearance of the chirus because they are so common in here. At this time of year, the chirus have already male-female parted. You could see many pregnant female chirus but hardly see any males. According to recent research, Zonag Co is not the only lake for breeding. There are at least four of them in the whole Chang Tang. Zonag Co, Tuzi Hu, Heishi Beihu, and another lake I can not remember. I think there must be more than four of them and most of the populations do not migrant long way like most people used to think. They generally migrant from south to north between Central Mountains and Kunlun Mountains.The chirus looks very timid but are very curious about outside world. They are not really afraid of people, particularly in the depth of the Chang Tang. The nearest distance we can approach is about 30m. They just stare at you calmly and think who you are and why you move so slow. They would run in front of you. Look like they are afraid of you but the fact is they are playing with you. A man's own character shapes his fortune. This is of course suit for animals too. The chirus are the typical one. They have a super speed and a pair of sharp antlers. If they are crazy, three of them work together could easily kill a wolf. But as you might have known, their antlers are just for fighting to mate with females.Down the Daban there was a very steep and straight road, I tried to ride the bicycle but ended up with falling over. The front rack came loose and one of the pannier flew into valley. The foot of the mountain was the Yueya Hu covered by ice, which was alake full of heavy metal elements. Along the lake bank there were many stark rocks very much weathered, lining up just like castles or houses. This made me stop to investigate what they were from time to time, I did understand they were just rocks though but they were so real like the figures of real people. On of them even made me hide in a ditch, observing them again and again using my binoculars. There were also many black volcanic rocks. All in all, the features of this area were really unusual.Passed over the Yueya Hu, it was an endless ancient lake bed. What my GPS showed was this area was a big lake like tentacles. I looked around, it was endless wilderness without a piece of ice and a drop of water. Roughly, I estimated this lake bed was about 1200 square meters. I had to tell you that Chang Tang was a place where there was no high-resolution map. The marks in the map often were some kind of memory. Just like this ancient lake bed under my feet, may be it was full of water a few years ago. Who knows. Pushing the bike in such an endless lake bed was very easy to get lost. My mind was in a chaotic status too.The migration of the animals, photo taken last year The road rising up to the Daban, full of gravels, very hard, ideal for pushing your bikeThe Yueya Hu gazed at by the round and smooth Toze Gangri. At a glimpse, could you tell which was mountain, which was cloud?Ancient lake bed. The white stains were the alkali, look like ice. About wildlife (part 1)Declaration Personal experience for reference onlyDangerous wild animals and their threats to human beings are a ever-LASTING subject for those backpackers travelling in the wild.In Chang Tang, for example, there are two kinds of deadly animals, one is wolves and the other is brawn bears. As substitutes, wild yaks and crows might be dangerous to you in some circumstances that I will come back to this a little bit later on. As for how to protect yourself against these dangerous animals, I think the primary point is you do not try to hurt them because the emotions of human and animals are same instinctively. [Wolves]Throughout my journey, I met wolves a total of seven times, in which I confronted them five times. As you might have known that wolves have become more and more solitary animals, it is very rare they live in a large group nowadays. Please allow me off the point a little bit and talk about the ecological problems in Chang Tang. The problem is now not the decrease of the number of the chirus but the imbalance of the whole food chain, more specifically, the number of the animals on the higher trophic levels of the food chain has not yet reached its ideal level which results in this kind of imbalance. Particularly, the pikas and the marmots who have lost their predators rapidly expanse which results in the desertification of Chang Tang. As early as the middle of last century, wolves were the dominant predators in the vast wilderness. They became a threat not only to other preys but also nomads pasturing in this land. Therefore, the then government called on people to cull back the population of the wolves in Chang Tang, which resulted in the current situation directly. The last official record about wolves attacking humans was around 1970s, which happened in Bamaoqiongzong. A team of secientists was surrounded by a group of wolves and they had to shoot them using guns. Of course, at present in Chang Tang, wolves are absolutely lonely.In this traverse, the first time I encountered a pair of wolves, one of them staying in front of me pretending to attack me while the other staying behind me. This is the standard attacking strategy of wolves. First, you should not be nervous which can be easily detected by the predators. Second, you should not retreat even an inch because this means you are the prey rather than the predator. Do not make any large movement, of course you could take a picture if you feel safe to do so. You must look into its eyes for a few minutes or even half an hour. When the wolves can not work out who you are and consider you are not posing any danger to them, then they will leave. You should remember that wolves in this land do not lack of food and it is much easy for them to catch a pika than a human. Even if being hungry, they would evaluate how easy to get you done, What you need to do is to show them that you are not interested in them and you are not afraid of them at all, let alone to show your ID card to them. As for the wolves family, really, I have not heard for ages. If you really have an encounter with them and they have no other choice, then it definitely depends on your forture. In fact, for so many year, it has been very rare to happen that wolves kill human. But the rumours are still there, in particular, the road connecting Xinjiang and Tibet.The nearest encounter with a wolf throughout my journey, no conflict at all[Brown Bears]Brown bears are real dangerous animals to human. Every year there are some accidents happened in some regions of Xinjiang on the north side of Kunkun Mountains and steppes in Northern Tibet. More than that the bears could attack your house, smash your windows, and eat your sheep. Therefore, in Northern Tibet some local councils give subsidies to the pastorarists for compensating the losses due to the bears because they are not allow to fight back and kill the bears except their lives are in great danger. Once there was a nomad taught me a method to protect yourself from bears. He told me to pick up a stick to feed the bear and the bear thinks the stick is your hand which tastes disgusting. So the bear would leave. It was so funny but the reality is to find a stick in this vast wilderness is just like you win the lottery.Bears are omonivorous animal who are generally not interested in human flesh. You can find that in most of accidents, the bears did not eat any of the human flesh rather they just smashed them for kind of fun that we could not understand. For the reason why bears kill human, one explanation is the conflict between human and wildlife in this extreme ecological environment. The nomads invade the habitats of the bears, which results in these conflicts. On the other hand, it might be because bears have quite high IQ so that they think it is much easy to kill a sheep in the cote rather than to kill a pika in the wild.I have met bears five times in my traverse, in two cases we were very close to each other. I had even walked with one of them for quite a while, just like we had a date for a walk. The fact is it is not that terrible like you might imagine. The same rules for dealing with wolves apply to bears. Never provoke dangerous animals. A bear can run at a speed of 40km/h, do you think you can compete this in a highland 5,000m above sea level?However, there is a situation where it is really dangerous, that is the encounter. It is not easy to control your instinctive reaction to the external dangers. Last year once I turned around a hill, there was a bear just in front of me. The bear of course was frightened by me with its front legs holding up, waving in the air and roaring. At that time I sat on the ground, ignoring it. The bear then left in a few minutes. Chang Tang is a vast land so that this is not that easy to happen. But if it does happen, really only God can bless you.The nearest encounter with a bear throughout my journey. This bear disappeared in a herd of wild yaks, which I had tried hard to spot, really weird About wildlife (part 2)Declaration personal experience for reference only.[Wild Yaks]I have talked about quite a few, like in the post of Day10. I will no longer talk about it.This was the funniest encounter with a solitary wild yak, who did not warn me. If I sat down, it sat down too. If I moved forward, it stopped. Could not imagine what it was thinking about.[Crows]Crows are dangerous only when you fall unconscious in the wilderness. Of course they will be the first to taste your flesh in that case. Unlike their cousinsliving in urban areas, the crows in Chang Tang have a larger body like eagles. When they fly over your head, you could feel like it is a piece of cloud. They are scavengers but like fresh meat too. It once happened that a baby was killed by crows relentlessly, let alone the lambs got killed by them. Once a nomad asked me for fireworks to scare the crows away. (They are sacred birds not to be killed by human)It is easy to defend yourself against crows, that is to keep fighting, never fall in the wilderness.A short break attracted the crows. Of course, they were miscalculating this time, photo taken last year[Strategies Adopted]At the time when I met the four soldiers in Jieshan Daban, they said there were many dangerous animals in the Northern Tibet and asked me if I had brought a shotgun. I think if they knew that I would enter Chang Tang they would definitely check if I really have a shotgun. The so-called defence facilities I brought with me were the fireworks and pepper spray. I had never used them. The fireworks were ruined and thrown away when I crossed a river and I had never opened the pepper spray. I even had never thought about this when camping in the night. The reason was I did not feel the needs. During the day time whenever I met any animals I had never touched the knife I had brought. I did not have anything to defend myself when I walked out to investigate the route. The Chang Tang is really a vast area so as to be very easy to detect anything strange.By the way, you'd better to avoid mating season's animals because even tamed rabbits could be aggressive in mating season.The thing is even if you have a gun, it is not very much helpful when bears attack you. Therefore, your attitude is most important.I can tell you something. Dogs are more dangerous than these wild animals. I had been chased by Tibetan dogs, pounced on by dogs in mating season, also besieged by a group of dogs. I really feel it is more useful to know how to defend a dog.Declaration again The above experience is from Chang Tang only. Of course, the more you prepared, the better. Day 12 (May 1), 23.8km, Camping 5117mToday was May 1 -- the Labour Day, I had been walking in some lake area marked in the map but clearly dried up. The lake basin was flat and hard so that I even pushed my bike more than 20km. Let it be the special treat for my May Day. After midday it became cloudy with growing winds. Since the Yueya Hu that I passed yesterday, there were no big lakes until Yanghu Co (My route would be between Jianshui Hu and Bairab Co), there was even no light alkaline water to drink so I had to pay extra attention not to miss any possible drinking water supply to fill up my water bag. There were a few very small lakes but all were alkaline puddles which was very shallow, whose depth was no more than the length of a half-finger. These puddles were covered with a hard shell of the mixture of salt and ice which smelled stinking and decaying when getting closer, must be toxic water I supposed. On the shore of this type of small lakes it was muddy soil and very hard to get closer.There was no sign of tundra at all.It was almost half past six when I found some snow corns in a ditch, which was the only drinking water supply of the day. There was a thin layer of melted ice on the surface of the ground near the snow corn, which was very hard to collect and was contaminated by the alkali. The snow corn was the yet melted thick snow, which was shaped like a corn by wind. The snow was quite hard and dry,porous like ice. I crushed a few snow corns, putting them into the water bag.They would be my drinking water tonight. These snow corns were the only one in today's wilderness, I reckoned the reason why they were not melted like others was the soil underneath contained large amount of ice blocks which acted as a freezer.Very strong gale in the night, it was hard to bear the sound of the vibration of the tent. Small single tent was good in the sense that it would not be blown away as long as you stayed inside. But you had to be very careful to set up the tent. I once did not pay much attention when doing so, the tent was blown away by winds, and rolling over like a Giant lantern ... I ran after it, got it back, and was exhausted. In general, it is not possible to fix the tent completely using tent pegs because they were not very much effective like large tents. It was snowing around 23 o'clock, the winds were howling from north,then the falling snow flakes landed on my tent quietly, I finally felt at peace and fell asleep. The flat ancient lake basin, assisting me walking more than 20kmSmall lake en route, toxic waterSnow corns, the only drinking water supply today Day 13 (May 2), 0km, Camping 5117mWaking up in the morning and opening the tent, the heavy snow outside must be sent by the God to force me have a break for the May Day. After lying in for a while, getting up and walking on the snowy ground out I went to have a look around. As first sight there were a herd of chirus. They were plainly to be spotted because they looked like a clear black straight line in the while snow. I returned to get my camera and then followed them to take some pictures. But they were very much alert and kept a quite long distance from me. I felt they were a group of pregnant females, instinctively protecting themselves from any potential harm. I was no longer short of water, the snow gave me a precious supply of drinking water. The problem was that they were very petrol consuming. I tool 8.6 litre of petrol and the oil stove was Duola's MSR. The pot was of 1.5 litre, mainly for boiling water. After several days' experiments, I found that the liquid water needed 16mins and 14-15mins to boil in the morning and evening, respectively. For ice, it would take 35-40mins while for snow it took 45-50mins. Melting snow was a very time and petrol consuming process so if I had a choice between snow and light alkaline water, most of time I would go with the latter. Lying inside the tent, listening to musics,I smoked a cigarette while gazing at the more and more chirus around me. Because it was very cold I had been wearing my shoes all the time. Now I just put my bare feet under the warm sun for some fresh air. I found three cuts in my hands and one in my sole. The cuts were about 4cm in length, looked terrible but it was actually all right really. Half of my toes were injured by to much walking, quite painful. I fetched my medicine bag and found I only got four patches of plasters, a serious mistake. One of the cuts in my hand had never been cured until I was out of this desolate land so as to feel like this finger would drop from my hand at any time. The others quickly recovered in a few days then new cuts appeared elsewhere. This process occurred periodically. I felt that it was somewhat related to the cold, dry weather and the lack of vitamins. The snow rapidly disappeared, which is unique phenomenon in Chang Tang. Because of the low air humidity and the high radiation from the sun, the snow was evaporating very fast, much quicker than the melting speed. Owing to this, the ground was generally still dry after the snow disappeared. In most cases, it would be only 2/5 left in the afternoon around 2 to 3 o'clock and small patches of ground could be seen. It would be completely all right for walking the next day. On the third day there could be some snow left in somewhere the sunlight hard to reach. So generally it could give you three days of water supply after a heavy snow like this. One of the pannier was broken, the most expensive one from deuter series, supposed to be waterproof. I will come back to it at some point later. Everything was covered by snow, no way out Lying in the middle of Chang Tang, listening to Tian Zhen's songs, and smoking Baisha cigarettes, what else can you ask for? The pregnant female chirus in migration, probably heading to Heishi Beihu to give birth([]
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曹雅惠或许是那则轩尼诗洋酒的广告对我的触动太深，又或许是对自由和梦想的渴求已无法抑制，2011年春天，我终于辞去了这份年薪超10万的工作，收拾行囊离开了奋斗五年之久的上海，飞往那个寄托着我认为梦会在这里开始的城市——云南丽江。在这里，我、整理好心情开始我的寻梦之旅，开满杜鹃花的香格里拉、美丽圣洁的梅里雪山、稻城亚丁、布达拉宫、阿里、墨脱…… 云南第一高峰、藏区八大神山之首梅里雪山在圣洁的梅里雪山前留影 第一段行程的安排是从虎跳峡开始的，在丽江**的十余个朋友达成了共识，我们从虎跳峡转经香格里拉，在松赞林寺稍作停留之后，经奔子栏从白马雪山直达梅里的飞来寺。队伍里有六个人来自厦门，还有两个是来自温州的新婚小夫妻，加上我、司机和领队一行十一人。尽管来自不一样的城市和地域，对梦想和美景的追求还是让大家有很多共同语言。这次的梅里之行充满了各种不可预料的惊喜，感动的、刺激的、惊险的、感叹的、向往的，在夜雪幽幽的这篇游记里都会找到最好的诠释，谨以此游记献给那些有梦想的人们！ 这是行程中的第一站香格里拉雄古观景台，白色的云带山前飘动，让很普通的山谷变得生动起来 金沙江峡谷上空美丽的云带！ 金沙江两岸的美丽村寨，相信生活在这里的人一定很幸福 远处如同调色板般的美丽田园风光 蜿蜒曲折的金沙江河谷，两岸是原始的村寨中午到达了虎跳峡，虎跳峡的险峻早在杂志和电视上就已见识到，我们的领队也明白我们这些城里人的体力极限，把我们送到了虎跳峡的正上方，从上朝下看短短的距离我们走了十余分钟，峡谷里的风非常大吹的眼睛都睁不开来，但是空气却极为清爽，奔腾的水声呼啸而至，江水拍打在虎跳石上激起很大的水花，峡谷很深，两旁的峭壁呼之欲出很是壮观。如果你拿着相机，这里的美景绝对是信手摘来。当天的风非常大，由于还要赶往香格里拉，我们没有在这里停留很久，但虎跳峡的壮观已经在我的心里打下烙印，对后面的行程，我充满了期待！ 回复：大家趁着走得动，赶快出来走走，不然结婚生小孩就没这个精力和时间了！我们最初的团队在虎跳峡观景台的合影，大家开始都表现的很HI站在虎跳峡的栏杆旁，似乎可以闻到水花的味道 汹涌澎湃的金沙江 在被积雪覆盖的地方，再过两个月就会开满杜鹃花，很是绚丽，雪中的玛尼堆更显圣洁 下午到达香格里拉独克宗古城，金光灿灿的转经筒，夕阳落在上面很神圣 经领队阿华介绍这是世界上最大的转经筒，已经列入吉尼斯世界记录大全，据说转一圈就相当于念了472万声六字真言。 在转经筒下留景，也沾沾这个大大转经筒的神气，希望给我们带来好运！茶马古道，神奇的马帮文化曾在这里留下过痕迹香格里拉的天空永远是湛蓝的香格里拉古城的四方街挂满了五彩经幡香格里拉古城印满经文的佛塔挂满经幡的塔，寄托着善良的人们许下的祝福,我也在佛塔下留影，希望给自己带来好运！都说，到了藏区，你会被他们神圣的信仰深深吸引，他们信仰藏传佛教，随处可见的彩色经幡和转经筒代表着他们的虔诚。松赞林寺被称作小布达拉宫，吃过早饭后我们就赶到了这里，我们是来得最早的一批游客，听松赞林寺的解说员讲，这里的喇叭来自香格里拉的各个村寨，有几千个喇叭居住在这里，寺庙门口有一个天葬台，据说喇嘛们圆寂之后就在这里进入天堂（喂秃鹫）。寺庙里的气氛非常神圣，我们在这里点了酥油灯烧了香，还接受了喇嘛们的祝福。松赞林寺有一道很长的阶梯，阶梯的尽头是一面非常有特色的墙，在这里，你会觉得自己的心灵在不知不觉中被净化！ 在海拨3000多米的香格里拉，我们是缓慢上松赞林寺的台阶，而这些小喇嘛则是快步跑上来的。 松赞林寺可爱的小喇嘛 我在微薄上放了这张照片，同事问这个喇嘛是不是吃肉的，咔咔，这个喇嘛很害羞，我说了好几次才同意和我合影 这面墙很神圣，很高，在这里，你会感觉心很安静雪山下的松赞林寺全景，很漂亮，感觉像小布达拉宫一样松赞林寺大殿上的金鐘领队阿华说每转动一次转经筒，就当于念了转经筒上的经文，为自己的亲人和朋友祈福一次，所以有转经筒的地方，我都会去转动它，希望能为我所有的亲人和朋友祈福 松赞林寺前的拉姆央措圣湖在松赞林寺前的广场全体驴友合影拉着云户外俱部的旗帜合影，不过我不在其中，因为这张相片是我拍的！我们的最终目的是神山梅里，在松赞林寺稍作停留之后，我们就驱车赶往奔子栏，奔子栏是白马雪山下的一个小驿站，我们将在那里吃过午饭之后翻越白马雪山。也许美好的旅程都注定要经受考验，就在我们到达奔子栏的时候，白马雪山因为雪太厚封山了，一行人的热情瞬间被浇到谷底，因为连非常有经验的交警也不知道什么时候可以通行。同行的福建人在等待了三个时辰之后，决定要驱车返回丽江，根据这个状况，在这里呆上三五天也不能同行是常理之中。我有些失望，我千里迢迢为梅里雪山而来，决不能因此而放弃！ 沿途的经过风雪中的纳帕海一道光柱从厚厚的云层中射出，似乎让我们有阴霾的天气中看到了转晴的希望([]
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林琦桂印度60天，有太多的故事要讲，如果期待大片，那真的很抱歉，在印度一只小相机一路走，一路拍，那时候只想记录真实的印度。现在我还是会说，我还想回去再走一遍，因为那里的风景也吸引我，但是初次和印度亲密接触，让我能记录的只有那些生活小事，大片留着给柏拉徒步先生去拍。初识——现实太骨感在新加坡机场候机，“前往海德拉巴的乘客，请现在登机。”我听到广播后，起身去排队，按座位号每十排的顺序进入，我看了一眼座位号，不出意外，应该是最后一批。看着眼前都是皮肤黝黑的印度人，发现其实只有我一个外国人，其他都是印度人。 我突然领悟到，原来这股奇怪的异味是我周遭印度人的腋味。这种味道，不只有传统的咖喱味，也加上一点羊臊味，以及人类的汗味，还夹杂一点香水味。没闻过这股味道的人，刚开始问道时，会感觉刺鼻，然后肚子里的胃也闻到，然后就开始反胃，胃感觉排山倒海般折腾。非常不舒服。虽然会想避开，但是过了一陈子也就慢慢习惯，而最后就闻不到臭味了。 也许是紧张，面对面前的咖喱饭一点食欲都没有。三个半小时的飞行时间，我不断在设想,即将迎接我的是怎样一个城市，即使之前查阅了一点资料，但是当一个人真的快要到达那座陌生城市的时候，必然还是会想很多。飞机快降落的时候我拉起窗户板，看着地面上星星点点的灯火，心里的紧张一下子放松了很多，因为在快半夜的时候这城市还挺亮堂，挺大。不断安慰自己，不会很糟糕。 本以为一切会像过海关时候一样顺利，事实有点出入，我找不到第二件行李了。那时候的慌张从未有过。询问机场的工作人员，他们让我去那里认领三个没有人领的行李，我看了，不是自己的，那时候特别无助，机场人员询问我是不是从新加坡飞过来的，我猛点头，他让我去另外一处，说部分行李是在另外一条行李运输通道上，我紧盯着行李口，又找一遍还是没有，那时候几乎快绝望了，我的资料证件复印件和生活所有用品都在那个行李里面，虽然不是最重要的，丢失会很麻烦。我在国际行李咨询处，不断和工作人员描述和沟通，他们讲的印度的英语，让我又无比纠结，在焦急的等待了四十多分钟后，最后看到工作人员把我的行李拿过来，那时候真的快哭了，居然找回来了。记得很多人和我说过，在印度托运行李没了实属正常，要是还能找回来那属不正常。一切都办妥后，我在机场联系我在印度的Team Leader，哪里都不敢去，坐在机场里，每一个印度人，基本都会看我两眼，在机场里女人出现的非常少，基本全部都是男人。我连看都不敢看他们，简直就像一个被遗弃的小孩等待父母来领回家，Karan回复我让我去机场巴士站坐车到Keyes High School。先去换了钱，我又不敢和别人讲话，别人问我，我也装作不懂，不搭理，我只敢问那里的工作人员，一遍遍确认我要去的地方哪一站下车，被告知是最后一站，不得不说他们的工作人员态度非常好，我至少问了不下三次，依然非常有耐心。我坐上巴士后，才发现，怎么就我一个女的呀，调侃自己勇气可嘉，那时候真的有点无法想象。一路开着，都没有什么红绿灯，也没有什么路灯，一路都是破房子，高楼想都别想，大厦更是没影，一路都是男人，没有半个女人的影子，看着马路上会有人就睡在路边，真心怕了。我心里一百个一千个后悔，后悔自己不听父母的劝告执意要来印度，后悔应该在机场等到天亮再坐车找Karan。只能假装镇定，告诉自己没事的，我要相信我的Team Leader。到了最后一站下车，一群男人拥上来，我被吓的抓着行李的手不停颤抖，但是不断告诉自己，对他们说NO，我自己搬着行李，被一堆男人注视，半夜三更，我假装很自然，拉起行李往前走，一切都是这样自然，内心确实是波涛汹涌，走了几步发现学校门口居然有人就睡在那里，我停下了，我打电话给我的Team Leader告诉他我在门口了，他说他也到了，整个通话过程我感觉到自己说话的声音都在颤抖，注视着那堆男人有没有向我走来，随时准备丢了行李跑。一个男孩向我走来，我咬着嘴唇，努力分辨是不是我在印度的Team Leader，我迎上去，他让我等在那里，他又走回去了，好一会儿才把车开到我面前，装上行李，带我去住的地方，一路让我心灰意冷，太穷太穷了。但是，既然来了，那也没有办法了。 第一晚，我睡在一个完全不认识的男生的床上，他仅仅在facebook和我沟通过关于艾滋病方面的事情。凌晨两点，倒在床上，看着天花板调侃两句，说道，在印度的第一晚就睡在男人的床上啊。又想想有的睡就不错了。没有空调，只有电扇，枕头根本无法睡，没有勇气把我的脑袋放到一个都黑了的枕套上，不脱衣服，不洗漱，睡下，关灯不久，就听到声音，我一直以为是老鼠，怕的不行，但是还是逼迫自己睡，事实就是我一整晚没有睡觉，心脏还不够强大。第二天才知道那是他养的鸽子的声音。早上起来被告知停水了，没有洗漱，没有洗澡，我从来没有想象过我可以这样洒脱，但是事实在印度我足够洒脱，不刷牙，不洗脸，还是能香香的吃早饭，吃了他妈妈做的早餐，我们开始讨论我们的project,我一下子感觉到，任务很是艰巨。更加艰巨的一件事情出现了，我没有地方住，最后只能继续住在Karan家，这是计划之外的事。Karan家停水，导致三天没洗澡，没洗脸，没刷牙，我那时候认为这个已经是我的极限了，后来事实证明这是没有极限的，不过这些都是后话了。 第二篇：生活在海德拉巴 第三篇：德干高原上的明珠 第四篇：火车也疯狂（118楼——127楼） 第五篇：40度，行走在新德里（218楼——253楼） 第六篇：生如夏花之绚烂 死如秋叶之静美（阿格拉）（546楼——575楼） 第七篇：粉色之城——斋普尔（657楼——） 第八篇：邂逅浪漫——乌代浦尔 第九篇：蓝色之恋——焦特布尔 第十篇：延续千年的噩梦——种族制度 第十一篇：上帝给印度人开的玩笑 第十一篇：在外挂中前行（果阿） 第十二篇：惊喜OR噩梦最后：我想带你去印度 关于那些骗子，小偷和性骚扰，小妞也一一经历了一回。不过我得到的帮助多的都写不下来。 得了艾滋病和其他疾病被家里遗弃的小朋友，其实他们都很可爱，我可喜欢他们了。即使他们得到了政府的帮助，可是安置在非常偏僻的地方，几乎没有什么人去接触他们，他们看到我们的时候，那种惊讶，害怕，到最后的开心，舍不得，都让我觉得小小残忍。 海德拉巴老城中心 在四宣礼塔旁边 海德拉巴老城中心 路边卖手镯的 很多很便宜的 第三天 去了印度小吃店 全印度人 吃得东西 大部分人会觉得脏 但是味道不错 不会拉肚子的啦 戈尔孔达城堡也是印度著名的堡垒之一，位于Hadalarba城西10公里，这个古城范围很大，是穆斯林聚居区。Golconda Fort其名称来源于泰卢固语“戈尔孔达”，意思是牧羊人的山坡。戈尔孔达城堡的来源可以追溯到得奥格里的雅达瓦朝代和瓦饵加朗的卡咯提雅斯王朝。戈尔孔达最初是一个泥浆筑的堡垒，经由巴赫马尼王朝管辖然后到奎特沙希，奎特沙希在公元1518年－1687年期间统治戈尔孔达。前三位奎特沙希国王重建了戈尔孔达城堡，历时62年。戈尔孔达城堡以其声学、宫殿、工厂、独特的供水系统和著名的菲特拉哈本手枪而闻名。 戈尔孔达城堡也是印度著名的堡垒之一，位于Hadalarba城西10公里，这个古城范围很大，是穆斯林聚居区。Golconda Fort其名称来源于泰卢固语“戈尔孔达”，意思是牧羊人的山坡。戈尔孔达城堡的来源可以追溯到得奥格里的雅达瓦朝代和瓦饵加朗的卡咯提雅斯王朝。戈尔孔达最初是一个泥浆筑的堡垒，经由巴赫马尼王朝管辖然后到奎特沙希，奎特沙希在公元1518年－1687年期间统治戈尔孔达。前三位奎特沙希国王重建了戈尔孔达城堡，历时62年。戈尔孔达城堡以其声学、宫殿、工厂、独特的供水系统和著名的菲特拉哈本手枪而闻名。 我住得印度人家里挂钥匙的 我们都把钥匙挂那 我做了一顿中国菜 嘻嘻 他们都说很好吃 这个是我觉得最亲切的地方了 因为大学旁边就是hard rock，在这里也看到。 这是印度书店里讲中国的DVD吧 看完所有中国小朋友都惊呆了，这个是什么年代的啊！无语死了。 交警指挥交通的 然后其实吧 你可以很随意 那里警察巨腐败 你撞人了 绝对可以给钱摆平 我住家小孩没成年开车撞死人了还是给钱搞定的。 结婚哦 新郎会带着一众人在路边跳舞 我住得地方附近 都是很生活的地方 反正很穷 不过貌似房价不便宜 在海德拉巴，最先去的是四宣礼塔——海得拉巴的志性建筑，而我们知道，国外的志性建筑，往往都是有故事的老古董，而非新时代的新高度。这个数百年前的故事在今天看来相当的有意思，因为她毫无疑问的证明了，现如今被认为极其保守闭塞的穆斯林，曾经却是这个星球上最为开放包容的文明，全印度最著名的两个爱情故事居然都是穆斯林的。一个是阿格拉的印度名片泰姬陵，另一个就是这座海得拉巴的城市志四宣礼塔。 十六世纪初，德干高原的统治者叫库塔沙，定都戈尔孔达城堡。这位人称苏丹五虎之一，武勇过人的国王却有一个诗人儿子穆罕穆德。诗人，当然大多数都有些浪漫情怀，喜欢风花雪月远胜过攻城略地。很不幸，这位穆斯林的王子爱上了一个印度教徒的女儿，无论身份地位、财富门第还是宗教信仰，双方都相去甚远。这种恋爱自然遭到双方父母的强烈反对。男方父母反对是因为对一个政治家来说，婚姻是一个可以用来增强实力的手段，而不应该浪费在爱情上。女方父母反对是因为对方在他们看来是入侵者、异教徒。于是，这位王子殿下就经常深更半夜独自偷溜出门，去很远去看她的心上人。据说当时横贯海得拉巴的穆西河上还连座桥都没有，所以王子还需要骑马涉水过河。但他真正要担的风险可比骑马溺水要大得多了。首先是他并非国王的独子，婚姻大事不听父母安排的话，很可能会被取消继承权。其次是他去的目的地都是印度教徒，都拿他当异教徒的敌人看待，万一被当地人看到，极大可能会发生冲突。然而，他去了，毅然决然，坚持不懈。最终，不止那位美丽的姑娘，连双方的父母也都被感动了。苏丹破例允许他的这个儿子娶异教徒的平民之女为妻，并且保留他的王位继承权以及他妻子继续保有印度教信仰的权利，而女方父母也不再将对方当入侵的敌人来看待，不再将女婿视为异教王子。一件出乎意料的事情是，由于王子痴情而执着的爱情，王国收到了意想不到的礼物。王子与民女的婚姻最终不但促成了两个家庭的和解，在很大程度上，甚至促进了穆斯林统治者与当地印度教徒的关系，内部和谐使这个王国后来一度成为南印度最大的王国。王子大婚没过多久就发生了两件事，一是他的父王去世，他登基为王；二是戈尔孔达城堡因过快增长的人口和依丘而建的位置，连年水荒，王国需要迁都。于是，新国王决定迁都到他妻子的故乡，并以他爱妻的名字Hyder将新都命名为Hyderabad，意为海得之城。新城需要新清真寺和宣礼塔，于是他按照伊斯兰初期四大哈里发的规制，建了这座四宣礼塔，而这座重要的宗教建筑所在的位置，就是他爱妻曾经的旧宅。 Birla Temple建在一座小山顶上，面对Hussain Sagar lake, 全部用白色大理石建造，在上面可以看到整个城市。这里不用买门票，进庙前要存鞋存随身物品。而且这里每天都有很多人来，我就没有非要进去看看的念头，在四周转了挺久。 戈尔孔达城堡，听说最外面的城墙有九道城门，但环绕中央城区“Bala Hisar”的两公里城墙则只有一座城门。此门造的异常坚固，即使受到等同于战车力量的大象攻击也不动如山。城门外的停车场聚集着小贩和导游，让人感觉回到了国内任何一个景区外的停车场一样熟悉，到处都是人。这城堡不只是建造在岩石上，就连岩石石块也都保持原状，物尽其用地当做城墙。这个王朝非常富有，因为当时世界第一的钻石产地就在海德拉巴附近的克里希纳河流域。城里还有钻石市场，时隔充满生机、活力十足的城市。特别值得一说的是，世界知名的巨大钻石多产自此地，例如目前收藏在卢浮宫博物馆——四百十克拉的“摄政王”，以及英国皇冠上耀眼夺目，原重三百六十克拉的“Koh-i-Noor”（意味“光之山脉”）其实，不只有英国窥私这里的财富。在英国之前，控制着北印度的莫卧儿帝国的奥朗哲布（建造泰姬陵沙贾汗之子），在一六五六年和一六八七年两次猛攻戈尔孔达城；精疲力竭的顾特卜·沙希王朝就这么灭亡了，而海德拉巴也被并为莫卧儿帝国的领土。这个离德里一千两百五十公里远的地方，已经是莫卧儿帝国疆域的最南端。后来，莫卧儿帝国统治时的海德拉巴首长——“最高地位者”阿萨夫·伽宣布独立，一七二四年成为藩王，建立了尼萨姆王朝（也称为“海德拉巴藩国”）。这位精明的政治家为了继续扩大势力，最初与法国结合、到了十九世纪则转向英国，透过外国的支援来维持藩国的繁荣、（钻石就是在那个时代被英国人拿走的）([]
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袁冠廷时间：6月29日———7月15日（15日从曼谷飞缅甸的仰光）行程：廊开———素可泰———曼谷———沙美岛———曼谷《一》廊开，一个很不引人注目的泰、老边境的过路小城《二》素可泰，不仅是个有震撼力的历史遗址，还有非常清幽的环境，特别是在傍晚和清晨徜徉其间，陪伴你的只有淡定的佛像、古塔、古树和莲花，一派祥和气氛。再浮躁的人，在这里也会安静下来。《三》曼谷，是个“佛教之都”、“天使之城”。在曼谷的金佛寺见证一位泰国少年剃度出家仪式的全过程在唐人街的茶室和老人们喝着冰咖啡下注赌字牌在寺庙内看着高僧为美少女们举行的成年礼仪式在街头上追随着佛教斋戒节“蜡烛节”的巡游队伍晚上漫步在红灯区唐人街夜晚的街头大排档在。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。《四》沙美岛，是个白天可以慵懒的躺在沙滩上沐浴阳光，放松自我、忘掉一切世俗尘嚣的小地方,也可以像驴友那样把沙美岛的几个沙滩、海湾串连起来轻松徒步完。晚上你可以在沙滩上一边用餐，一边欣赏沙美岛那绮丽的夜空。本帖子回答任何网络中可以搜索到答案的问，有灌必答，请各位老驴强驴多支持哈！贫苦女学生63天1200元神游老挝、泰国、缅甸（纯图片）欢迎提问讨论！第一季（完）https//bbs.8264.com/forum-viewthread-tid-1291487-fromuid-34172959.html炎炎夏日，你家小妹纸随着烟雨(第三季)去缅甸为你选个新娘https//bbs.8264.com/forum-viewthread-tid-1342789-fromuid-34172959.html 发帖之前先送出一份大大的礼物哈首先非常真诚的把这二位曼谷NANA红灯区的“白富美”大美人献给在[url=https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1303040-1-1.html]https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1303040-1-1.html[/url]这个帖子里为表现艺术欣赏艺术而异常亢奋呐喊并且流了无数鼻血的省市级版主、版主、实习斑竹、荣誉版主、QQ群联盟群主、众多的老驴新驴们来享受补补身子骨！有天晚上在NANA红灯区闲逛时遇见了这二位很富有艺术气质的美人儿，在善善那几瓶啤酒的攻势下就与这二位大美人达成了一项战略性的合作意向，那就是以后凡是在https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1303040-1-1.html这个帖子里面为艺术而亢奋的各位省市级版主实习斑竹荣誉版主QQ群联盟群主老驴新驴与这二位大美人艺术时都有好处，这个帖子里的亢奋版主荣誉版主可以享受到5折的优惠待遇、亢奋QQ群联盟群主享受7.5折的优惠待遇、那些亢奋的老驴新驴们因为级别低了些就只能享受到8.5折的优惠待遇啦，不过这也和国内的户外用品店的折扣同步了哈！看到这里一定有很多驴友“羡慕嫉妒恨”的追问善善为什么他们能享受到这好的待遇？追问为什么善善对他们这么好啊？那不为别的 ，为艺术，只为他们的那超然的艺术品味和对艺术的追求让我折服，所以就为他们促成了这样一件大喜事，请大家多多理解支持哈！ 廊开，这个连接老挝的边境城市，是一个十分纯粹的小镇，我想是因为老挝和泰国的友谊大桥从这里经过，连接了老挝和泰国，甚至是中国和泰国一条重要的陆路交通，才为众多背包客所熟知。但即使如此，大部分从泰国陆路进入老挝万象的背包客却很少有人在此逗留，通常在廊开停留几个小时办理证事宜，便匆匆经过大桥前往万象，于是在这里能见到的旅行者寥寥无几。廊开的北面是美丽的湄公河，河的对面便是老挝。经过多少历史的沧桑，战争的血泪，在这里，终于将湄公河的中间线定的为两国的国界。傍晚日落湄公之际，眺望对岸，别有一番感觉。 从老挝的万象乘坐公共汽车到泰国的廊开只有20公里，大概一小时左右就到了，过境手续也很简单，出境到了泰国那边后再上公共汽车直到廊开的汽车总站。廊开这家客栈大门口的绿化走廊。。。客栈内的一些小木屋。。。客栈里面有自己的图书馆客栈里的这个二层小木楼是住客们练习瑜咖的地方清晨天还没有完全亮就有老外在这个小木楼里开始修练瑜咖啦。。。清晨时客栈的满是热带植物的简朴院子客栈里的朩质房间客栈里有自行车可以出租，廊开地方不大，走路或者骑自行车是很好的选择像大多数的背包客旅馆一样，客栈里的地方城市地图是少不了的啦外面街头上的一排宗教神笼廊开这个小地方好像也没有像样一些的风景区、景点，这样也轻松就在街上随意地走走看看几个小寺庙不知道这个寺庙院子里的这些小佛塔是什么含义。。。街头上的手艺人用废弃的易拉罐剪成各式各样的工艺品廊开的店铺晚上很早就打烊了，晚上九点左右的街头就冷冷清清的，只有少数几家餐厅开着， 就餐的基本上都是老外。不过在湄公河边的一排餐馆、酒吧开的比较晚，一个人可以点几样小菜就着微风看着对岸的老挝慢慢地消磨时光。湄公河边的那一排餐馆、食街比起老挝那里的夜市里食物的品种单调的多卖相也不好，而且整个食街也没有什么人气，看起来很萧条。。。那个是用很多调味品加了一些面桨后再放在油锅里拼命炸的干脆的当地小毛蟹，已经吃不出蟹的味道，而且很非常油腻，自己吃了几个就实在吃不下去了。。。这是用扇贝的肉加上一些香料、胡萝卜、调料搅拌后包在荷叶里，再在油里过一下，然后就放在蒸笼里面笼一下就可以吃了，它味道比较清雅还是比较可口的。。。当地的一种椒盐烤鱼，但不知是什么品种的鱼，反正没有在后面行程的夜市上买到的烤鲶鱼好吃。。。大田螺的味道还可以，就是肉质有些老了哈。。。从夜市走回客栈的小路旁的花坛里摆放着一些很有童趣的小彩陶摆件
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李俊伟浮梁八卦形古城坐落保存最完整的清代五品古县衙，曾经繁华梦，万国求瓷茶.本帖精华及主要图片放在帖子后面，请读贴的朋友关注！一块饱经岁月留存下来的砖头也往往比拆掉重建的城郭更让人感动，体制是文化的躯壳，游览过后照亮的确是现在-------------轻松，浮梁县旧县城，自唐代以来，一直是浮梁县治所在。浮梁自古以来一直是“望县”，其县署品级为五品，高出一般县署 2级（一般县为七品）。较高的政治地位是因为其重要的经济地位，原由便是当地灿烂的陶瓷文化和茶文化。（中国古代的三大国际贸易为：瓷器、茶叶和丝绸。） 景区以五品古县衙和千年红塔为核心，浓缩了千年古县悠久的人文历史和灿烂的茶瓷文化，被誉为“江南第一衙”。轻松，谢谢同行的小妖拍的到此一游的留影照片，代表一行5人也谢谢好友明月提供的车辆。 城门楼高 15.6米，由城墙、主楼和角楼组成。主楼座落在8米高的城墙之上下筑券门洞 ，洞顶甚高，底阔 3米多。中部为主楼。门楼面阔5间，进深3米，重檐三滴水，歇山顶； 据称是唐代留下的古狮雕刻，形态动态雄壮有力，动态可掬，这算是这里最老的遗存；巍峨耸立的宋代红塔有“江西第一塔”之称 红塔又名西塔，“西塔夕照”为历史上著名的昌江八景之一。记载了浮梁一千三百多年要事珍闻和浮梁作为瓷都之源的发展历程。 全塔共七层，从地坪至复盆顶塔高37.8米。塔身皆用大型青砖实砌，每层均用青砖叠砌出外挑平台，不设钩栏。 红塔反映了北宋初期塔的建筑外貌和艺术造型的时代特征，是座具有融合中国古塔特殊风格和江南建筑特色的佛塔。“西塔夕照”为古代昌江著名风景之一，若春和景明或秋高气爽，则有“文照胜朝晖，紫烟连霄汉”的壮观。 红塔的历史渊源和典故； 现保留有头门、仪门、衙院、大堂、二堂及三堂，基本保持了县衙原有风貌。整座建筑布局多路，错落有致，廊道相接浑然一体。 江西省景德镇浮梁旧县城始建于唐朝元和十一年（公元817年），距今有一千一百八十多年的历史。这里已发展为以名胜古迹为特色，以历史文化为内涵的独特旅游区。 浮梁古城八卦形的城廓轮廓； 古县衙的建筑具有徽派与赣派相结合的特点，最具特点的是县署里面的楹联，其丰富的内涵，涵盖了封建社会地方官处事方法和原则； 唐代诗人白居易在《琵琶行》中有诗句曾叹：“商人重利轻别离，前月浮梁买茶去”。根据《新唐书·食物志》记载：“浮梁每岁产茶七百万驮，税十五万贯”（这个数字相当于当时朝廷茶叶税的八分之三，为全国之首）。 浮梁古县衙景区地处长江三角洲、珠江三角洲、闽东南“金三角”，长江中游经济区和京九铁路经济带结合部中心地区； 仔细观察会发现，这座县衙的规制有越级之处，浮梁原本只是一个县，按理县官只有七品的官阶，但浮梁的县衙确是五品的规制 古县衙，建于清朝道光年间，距今 170年，占地64495平方米（95亩） 全木质结构，徽派建筑木式结构体系； 整个设计给人的感觉是庄严和轻松并存，厚重与俏雅生辉，建筑艺术实为“奇妙”，同时也显示出封建衙门特有的那种官府威严气派。 体制完整，刑房，兵房，工房均具备；想想现在的公务员的数量，不得不让人心生感慨； “帝制早废，县衙犹存”，“珍贵史迹，进门有益” 这里的建筑院落，充分体现了徽派建筑的四水归一的理念； 衙署内陈列了古代官服、刑具、十八般兵器、讯杖、官轿、夹棍， 五品的县令也许相当于现在的副省级地市级别； 根据《新唐书·食物志》记载：“浮梁每岁产茶七百万驮，税十五万贯”（这个数字相当于当时朝廷茶叶税的八分之三，为全国之首）。 议事厅，相当于现在的常委会议室；([]
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