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朋友去美国公干，俺正好没事就一起去混几天。游车河，拍拍照，吃吃饭。下了飞机，租了台车，开到海边...没啥人，整个沙滩就当你的就好开始不知道这捅是干啥的，后来明白了，垃圾筒。保持清洁人人有责... 漫步海边，走老远看到一个放遥控飞机的一个跑步的一个晒太阳的 栈桥一座海岸巡逻车一台海边安静的只能听到波浪声 开着车沿海岸线没目的的前行享受安静轻松的日子 沙滩 另一个栈桥边终于看到人了，已经开出去百十来公里了这兄弟俩是开摩托车四处周游的，也不象美国人海鸥 孤寂的感觉挺好，国内天天都想战斗着，难得放松 难得什么都不想，也可以想很多... 停车海边，同行的小熊说： 拍我，拍我！ 哈哈 不知为啥，俺一直拍女孩子拍的很不好！！！ 她没事也试试身手我也拍 祖国就在那边 滑翔 ＋ 冲浪 天色见暗 海边的风景 朋友也开完会了，海边相聚 外国的月亮待续.......([]
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黄沛杰作为2011年旅行开官之作，柬埔寨之旅画上了完满的句号。虽然Maple顶着38度的高烧抵达暹粒，又糊里糊涂的带错了衣服，不过看到了世界最美的日落，宏伟的古遗迹，这些小波澜仅是小波澜而已。以美图分享给大家，希望大家也能同我一起，体会到那事那物那景那心情~！想去柬埔寨，还是要追溯到2007年，和Candy夫妇去尼泊尔的路上，就定下将来要一起去柬埔寨，去看那世界七大奇迹的吴哥窟。Maple一直记得自己的承诺，所以，就有了这样一段完美的旅行。枫叶完成贴直达梯：新加坡之旅各种美图-（附如何办理新加坡过境随意行SSH指南）150楼更新多张大图（完）https//bbs.8264.com/forum-viewthread-tid-1282011-highlight.html泰国普吉岛自由行（风景&人妖&美食&买物大赏）独家攻略！更新结束！https//bbs.8264.com/forum-viewthread-tid-1285729-highlight.html各位兄台，走过路过不要错过。帮忙到下面的链接评论吧~第一次参加8264活动，支持一把~！https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1343011-49-1.html486楼是枫叶的~！请在本贴下方评分加点评，小女子拜谢啦~！柬埔寨是个梦幻国家，吴哥窟是万庙之王。去柬埔寨，可以和越南一起穿起整个行程，走两个国家。但是时间有限的情况下，未免会走马观花。而柬埔寨，Maple想看的就是吴哥窟。提前半年开始进行初步，提前2个月开始查询各大旅行社机票、行程报价，最终又让Maple找到了宝，在这里不能不再夸夸XC。行程安排：吴哥窟6日舒适半自助游（直飞）说是6日，其实第一天和最后一天不能算作内，在暹粒住3个晚上，最后一晚是在回北京的飞机上度过的。第一天1900北京-暹粒第二天800早餐：酒店内900景点：参观大吴哥景【圣剑寺（Preah Khan[size=-0]）】[size=-0]、[size=-0]【龙蟠水池（Neak Pean[size=-0]）】[size=-0]、[size=-0]【塔逊寺（Ta Som[size=-0]）】[size=-0]、[size=-0]【东梅奔（East Mebon[size=-0]）】1130午餐 [size=-0]团餐1245休息：回酒店1430景点：参观大吴哥景区【巴戎寺（Bayon）】、空中宫殿（Phimean Akas）、斗象台（Terrace of Elephants）、十二生肖塔（Prasats Suor Prat）1800【巴肯山（Phnom Bakeng）】看落日1930晚餐[size=-0]柬式自助餐+dinner show2100【柬式按摩】第三天800早餐：酒店内900参观吴哥景区：【女王宫（Banteay Srey）】、【塔布茏寺（Ta Prohm）】、【茶胶寺（Ta Keo）】1130午餐 [size=-0]团餐1245休息：回酒店1430参观吴哥景区【小吴哥（Angkor Wat）】，上天堂1930晚餐：鲜族料理第四天800早餐：酒店内900【巴戎寺（Bayon）】1200高棉厨房午餐1430【小吴哥（Angkor Wat）】[size=-0]，上天堂，看日落1800龙之汤晚餐，逛超市，逛酒吧街第五天900早餐：酒店内1000Lucky mall1200高棉厨房午餐1400历史博物馆；老市场2200暹粒-北京 因为是春节前出行，团费稍贵，一人5767元。费用包括：机票+酒店 三天吴哥门票 保险68元证190元合计5767元这个行程的好处有以下几点：1、暹粒一地深度，让我有时间深入探察体味吴哥窟2、前两天的行程跟随10人的团队，将大部分重要古迹观赏完毕，门票是3天的通票，因此第三天，可以再去一遍自己印象深刻的古迹，我们选择的是巴戎寺看高棉微笑和小吴哥上天堂。3、直飞，节省时间4、最后一天自由行，可以深入老市场，了解当地文化，品尝高棉美食（Maple旅行必备的一项。。。）5、团队结合自由行，前期用最短的时间了解吴哥全貌，可谓是文化的速食（没办法，还是时间太短）；后期，体会自己行走的乐趣。自助旅行是旅行的最佳方式，这时，你不再是一个旅行团中面目模糊、毫无个性的一位，你是一个独立的个体，你所有的交流和所有的友谊，都将是由自己-一个独立的人，去和另一个人发生直接联系。这期间的化学反应，是奇妙而神秘的，只能靠每个人自己去体会。吴哥门票分为三种，单日票：US0，三日票：US0；七日票：US。如果不是吴哥古遗迹的狂热爱好者，3日足以。出行准备一、准备事宜：1.酒店一般都提供比较完整的洗漱用品，可自带一双拖鞋。2.携带合适衣物，以舒适、轻便休闲的衣服为宜。还要穿轻便舒适的运动鞋。3.充电器：柬埔寨的电压和中国一样，220V。多数酒店的插头与国内相同，个别酒店的电源是两脚的，需要用两扁脚插头。可事先准备好转换插头，或在酒店前台借用。4.药物：请根据自己身体状况自备少量常用药品。为了避免肠胃不适，最好携带一些止泻的药品。此外，还可以准备一些防蚊虫、中暑、热伤风、消炎、防晒、防晕车的药物。二、注意事项：1.气候：柬埔寨地处低纬度地区，属热带气候，5月至10月是夏季，因受西南季风的影响，气温徘徊在33℃左右，加上雨量充沛，相对湿度高达90%。11月至4月是柬埔寨的冬季，吹较干凉的东北季风，平均气温为25℃～32℃，是最佳旅游季节。请自备雨伞。国庆期间气温在33摄氏度左右。 2.时差：柬埔寨金边时间与中国北京时间的时差为-1小时，柬埔寨比中国晚一小时。3.语言：高棉语（官方语言）、英语、法语。 4.货币种类以及换汇提示：1）柬埔寨货币单位为“瑞尔”（KHR），主币瑞尔，辅币仙，1瑞尔=100仙。流通币面值，纸币有100、200、500、1000、2000、5000、10000、50000瑞尔8种。铸币只用于收藏，不作流通。2）柬埔寨汇率：USD1=4500Riel，在市面购物消费都是按这个比率，整元的用美元找付，零头的按0.1USD=400Riel找付，但通常价都是美元的。汇率以银行当天公布汇率为准。3）兑换：柬埔寨外币兑换点很少，建议在机场或正规银行兑换，但由于柬埔寨从买一瓶水到叫车都通用美元，因此换瑞尔的意义不大。建议自己多带1元的美金。4）在兑换外汇时要付一定的手续费，尤其是在机场，因此建议最好在出发前兑换好货币。 5.购物：1）消费：信用卡在当地绝大多数消费场所都不能使用，只在金边和暹粒两大城市的一些五星级酒店及高级餐厅可使用。2）免税商店：旅客可从免税商店购买一瓶酒（一公升）、一条烟（二百支），以及其他私人物品（例如照相机、摄影机、个人佩戴之珠宝装饰品等）出境。6.交通：很方便，酒店和街道旁边都有TukTuk，招手即停，司机都会说基本英语。用地图和简单英语就可以沟通清楚要去的地方。一般从酒店去老市场，1美金1人，包车全天（不去太远的古迹），8美金。 7.小费：在柬埔寨，入住酒店，或者是在餐厅用餐，都无须额外支付小费。 8.离境税：回程在机场离境要交25美金离境税。 9.通讯：开通国际漫游，短信是可以正常接收。短信接收免费，发送每条2-3元。中国移动打电话每分钟大约25块钱，接电话每分钟7块钱。当地网吧网络电话打到中国，0.5美金一分钟，比较实惠。上网费用在1.5美元——3美元每小时不等。 10.中国驻柬埔寨使领馆信息：大使：张金凤（Zhang Jinfeng）地址：No.156, Blvd Mao Tsetung, Phnom Penh, Cambodia使馆传真：00855-23-364738值班手机 00855-12810928 or 00855-12901923 （D1：入关的麻烦-圣剑寺）出发的那天，北京特别冷，Maple还发烧了，在飞机上昏昏睡了一程，到了暹粒入住酒店。第二天吃过早饭，又生龙活虎。Candy夫妇不停的夸俺身体棒啊！ 出发前作了一点攻略，听说柬埔寨有可能是世界上最腐败的国家之一，柬埔寨海关也有可能是最黑的海关之一。到机场，进入柬埔寨海关，海关人员就会索要小费，虽然只有1美元，但是如果不给，海关人员就会借故任何理由难为你，比如说你的入境卡没有写好，说你的护照不对等等。这还真是Maple首次听说得怪异事。到了机场，果然看到不少游客在护照内夹一美元，海关关员很熟练地把护照中的美元放到桌面上一小叠美元中了，拍地一声就盖章放行了。但是Maple偏偏不原意，不是1元钱的问，而是对这种风气太鄙视了。不过，柬埔寨政府目前也在整治这样的事情，我们回国时，就看到有官员在海关巡视，禁止海关人员拿钱。Maple入关和出关，都在没有给小费的前提下，顺利进出。（Tips：据说，一定要走男海关员的通道，女海关员会很坏。另外，入境时候一定要检查好出境卡海关有没有给你，出境卡遗失也经常是回国时找你要小费的理由）。我们同行的一家三口，就在入境时被海关人员索要小费，3人的护照仅还给了2本，当时没有发现。等我们回国时坐上大巴以后，这一家人才发现少了一本。多亏当地的领队给机场打电话，机场说拾到这本，后来他们交了16美金才把护照拿回来。黑暗呢。。！！酒店的棋盘吴哥遗迹（Temples of Angkor）吴哥遗迹氏柬埔寨的灵魂所在。虽然泰国一直在宣扬吴哥遗迹属于泰国，但我会一直坚持，吴哥遗迹只能属于柬埔寨自己。吴哥遗迹是柬埔寨人灵感和民族骄傲的源泉，正是它激励着柬埔寨人民在经历了各种劫难之后仍在顽强不息的经营自己生活。这一伟大奇迹的成就来源于神的灵感。古代高棉帝国的都城吴哥是创作激情和精神信仰的完美结合。柬埔寨的历代神王在塑造他们祖先形象的时候，都力求在大小、比例和对称方面做得更好。知道世界上最大的宗教建筑吴哥窟的建成，这种努力也达到了极致。到了今天，有数百家寺庙被保留了下来，联合国也在号召各个国家，为了这个人类文明的共同财产，募捐修缮。吴哥的公共建筑和宫殿都是用木材建造的，如今年代久远都已腐烂。只有神才能居住的砖石结构的建筑，才能保留至今。很多旅游攻略都会提到吴哥路线的大圈和小圈。但是务必要参考常规旅行团的路线，才能避开成群结队的韩国、台湾旅行团。另外，每4天会有一个佛日，佛日当天是不能登小吴哥最高层（天堂的）。所以提前要规划好路线。当然，没有时间压力，边走边看，也会遇到自己的“偶遇”。 第一天，集合完毕，第一步就是去办理吴哥窟三日门票。吴哥三日门票，吴哥门票有防伪，而且当时会给你拍照，印在上面。在每个遗迹门口还会有查票的，要是用假票，会被罚得很惨很惨！！僧侣现代的寺庙去往大吴哥的路，两边是红土地和茂密的丛林路边的商贩吴哥王城（Angkor Thom）固若金汤的吴哥王城，又被我们成为（大吴哥或者大城），占地10平方公里。是由吴哥最伟大的国王阇耶跋摩七世（1181-1219）修建。吴哥王城是以巴戎寺为中心，周围有8米高，12公里长的城墙，外层还绕着一条100米宽的护城河。它的建筑布局同样也遵循了须弥山被海洋包围这一惯例。王城有五扇大门，北、西、南三方各有一扇，东面有两扇。大门高20米，以象鼻作为装饰，顶端有四个巨大的观世音菩萨头像（四面佛）面对着主要的方向。每扇门前都排列着54个天神像（在引导的左侧，也叫修罗），和54个恶魔雕塑（在引导的右侧，也叫阿修罗），这一设计借鉴了乳海翻腾中的主。南门是目前维护最好的，因为南门也是四周大门最繁华的，所以佛像被偷盗的最少。 以象鼻为装饰的王者之门第一站：圣剑寺（Preah Khan）圣剑寺是吴哥王城最大的寺庙之一，这里有错综复杂的拱形长廊，精美的雕刻和长满青苔的巨石。它与塔布隆寺形成了完美的对应。它紧邻吴哥城东北方。相传该寺是阇耶跋摩七世为纪念他父亲而修建的。这座寺庙供奉了515位神，一年之中，18个主要节日的庆典活动都是在这里举行。圣剑寺占地面积很大。但是寺庙本身仅位于700*800的长方形围墙内。在寺庙的门口立着数尊手拿长蛇搅动乳海的修罗与阿修罗，在东西两边，有一列长的砂岩石莲花墙，而莲花上曾经有佛像，但在湿婆派主持时，被毁坏了不少。整个建筑呈十字型，中心是中央圣堂，周边是由拱顶长廊连着的东、南、西、北四扇大门，门外则是漫长的甬道。中央圣堂，的内墙因饰以青铜而闪现出迷人的光彩，内里供奉着Avalokiteshvara。那是依照国王的面容设计的神像，有高僧日夜陪伴左右，烟雾缭绕，木鱼送经，昼夜不息。圣剑寺，循着落叶无尽的甬道，一阵风吹过，真腊国王千年前的一瞬间，就这样被抓住，或是被错过。 左右两排修罗与阿秀罗，很多都被破坏或偷走。Maple不喜欢面目恐怖的阿修罗，所以还是和慈善的修罗合影吧。([]
91制片厂制作传媒
陈怡友萧县阿诺--河南8日游时间--2010-9-6至9-13日地点--河南人物--萧县阿诺项目--自驾路线和景点6号中午从萧县出发一路310国道,下午2点半到河南商丘,归德府城墙--壮悔堂--候府--归德府文庙--八关斋--张巡祠--应天书院--於伯台,晚上住开封.7号早6点出发一路310国道,景点--巩义市青龙关--宋陵--康百万庄园--杜浦陵园--洛阳白马寺--关林,晚住洛阳,8号上午洛阳龙门石窟--东窟--白园--香山寺--西窟--下午孟津黄河小浪底水库--龙马负图寺--汉光武帝陵园,晚住济源市,9号上午沁阳市神农山--下午青天河,晚住博爱县,10号武涉嘉应观--郑州黄河花园口风景区--黄河国家地质公园--下午楚河汉界风景区,晚住郑州,11号上午新郑市--黄帝故里--郑韩故城--欧阳修陵园--下午始祖山--晚住郑州,12号--登封市嵩山风景区--上午三皇寨--永泰寺--下午少林寺--中岳庙--嵩阳书院,晚住郑州,13号一路310国道回到萧县,来回2000公里黄河小浪底风景区门票40元,从2008年开始,大坝不让游客上了
97牛牛影视成人夜大
彭尚杰国庆节闲到3号，想想还有一个星期年假，心血来潮，不如自驾出趟远门，走走大香格里拉环线，心动不如行动，想到第二天就出发，立刻准备起来，好在很多东西平时都有准备才不至于手忙脚乱，不抱希望地打电话给几个好友，可惜都没时间同行，于是和LP两个人4号出发了。 鉴于新都桥到雅江大修路，在新都桥碰到很多去稻城亚丁返回的车友，看到俺的小车直摇头说：你的小车过不去的，于是自驾线路最终是这样地：深圳--肇庆--南宁--百色--富宁--昆明--西昌--海螺沟--新都桥--贡嘎--伍须海--新都桥--塔公--丹巴--四姑娘山--映秀--成都--重庆--贵阳--南宁--梧州--深圳。全程5800多公里。关于拍摄说明主器材LP用一台5D II，自己用 一台5DEF 17--40/4L 主打镜头,一只被大多数摄友笑称为"伪红圈头"的镜头,除了边缘分辨率,紫边等缺点外,出门在外那是非常实用,光圈收到8或11,那成像也是杠杠地EF100--400/4.5-5.6L 俗称的大白,只要上高原,那是俺必备镜头,拉雪山,打兽鸟,进可攻,退可守.EF14/2.8L II佳能最超广的定焦,成像好得令人发指,这次出门仅在有限场合使用了几次.EF24/1.4L II俺从来没见过最大光圈成像比它还结实的镜头,本想带着拍点人文,可惜后来一次没用.辅材Hitech 灰渐变镜一个0.6一个0.9一个反向渐变(一次没用)MASSA 中灰镜一个ND16,一个ND32捷信脚架,冈仁波齐云台,快门线等. 每个地方先贴几张图吧！海螺沟去到磨西太晚，不让俺进沟，第二天一早只好在路边找个角度按下日照贡嘎脚下的万年老冰是不是迟早都要融化？嗯！摸摸老冰，挺凉的！新都桥赶到新都桥，抓住太阳的尾巴蓝天、黄叶、碧水俺都喜欢子梅垭口苦侯两个小时，贡嘎主峰终于掀掉头山的雾纱更高的山头看子梅垭口，其实俺不是嫌得无聊去爬高，而是这个位置才看得到没戴云雾帽的贡嘎主峰本想扎营整夜长曝星星圆轨，无奈这张才曝了20分钟后，LP高反严重，连夜下扯伍须海静谧的伍须海只有俺和LP两人，俺笑称咱们包场了从东边湖赶到西边湖，太阳又才剩尾巴了 塔公草原牛儿肥远观恵远寺，心中充满敬畏雅拉神山进神山的路有些坎坷，小车走得实在苦难，路边咔张到此打住 丹巴丹巴甲居寨到梨花开时，那该有多漂亮啊 四姑娘山早早起来，一个人黑咕隆咚地准备上猫鼻梁拍日照金山，可惜搞错路，一下子摸到长坪沟口不过没耽搁拍到日照幺妹峰 长坪沟长坪沟俺进去的如此之早，碰到猞猁不说，中午出来时工作人员直说俺逃票俺说俺来时你们还睡大觉,如何叫逃票,后来还是补了门票! 双桥沟双桥沟是这次出行之憾，时间没计划后，最后一趟观光车进沟，每个点呆了几分钟高原的天气说变就变，最后还下起了雨好！还是随着俺的镜头按时间顺序慢慢游山玩水吧！从石棉到磨西镇有段烂路难走，赶到磨西镇都下午六点多了，观光车停营了，因为还在国庆长假中，沟里营地的客房全满了，于是只好在镇上住下，想着第二天到何处拍日照金山，店里伙计说很多公路边都看得到啊！想想也是管它是不是贡嘎主峰，只要看得到雪山就行，反正还要去子梅垭口呢！于是安心睡去。第二天一早和LP驾着车出来找位置，没想到镇上转下沟口路边可以看到雪山，就这里拍几张吧！等到八点观光车坐满人终于进沟了，到了3号营地停车场，觉得离雪山不远了！鉴于去年走西藏米堆冰川较辛苦，再考虑到LP无高原徒步经历，于是选择缆车去4号营地缆车只有俺和LP，为拍照提供极大方便这个位置看贡嘎主峰最好，到4号营地反而偏了竖起来拉近看回复 花褂子 的帖子多谢花版鼓励置顶鼓励!handshakehandshake缆车从贡嘎主峰面前缓缓驶过缆车快到站了用大白拉拉主峰再拉近些只听主峰位置下面一阵雪崩的轰鸣声，可惜看不见，但过了一会儿，雪雾飘上来（照片右下脚）周围的卫峰也很漂亮LP说真象冰淇淋啊，好像咬一口，俺说这是神山，要心存敬畏，不要露出吃货本色！回复 阿戈 的帖子是只小牦牛，它很好奇地看着俺拍它，其实离它很近，只是当时用的是超广定焦，透视夸张了距离感。 这是在观景台拍的主峰，位置好像还偏了！LP正用大白拉雪山山谷里飘起了云雾于是走下观景台，亲近冰川，不到100米的高差，轿夫们生意很火，好多游客居然选择坐轿上来，特别看这几个身强力壮的大老爷们在轿子上，心里真不是滋味再看冰川一眼，然后撤退([]
午夜麻豆激情传媒入口一二区
鞠淑敏有朋友提出将每次更新的楼层贴出来，在此，我将每篇更新的帖子链接发出来，方便朋友们看帖，同时您也可以选择“仅看我？我拿出手机用前置摄像头照了照也没什么呀，还是那张挺干净的老脸呀，事后我就在想，不会是这位姑娘看上我了吧？~？要了一份牦牛排和一杯酥油茶。在等待上菜的过程中，来了一批穿着打扮像是驴友的人，其中一位年约35岁的大哥看到我手上刚买的手链，问我哪里买的？挺好看的。就这样我和他们聊了起来，聊到我是怎么来的，一路上看到什么精彩的风景，讲到高原反应，由于他们是刚到拉萨听得好像还很认真。一路上第一次和人分享这些，感觉很满足哇！接着又进来一对藏族情侣，由于没有空桌了，服务员安排和我拼桌，第一次和藏族同胞坐得这么近，我还有些紧张。这位藏族女孩穿着简单，简单的外套，牛仔裤；而藏族男子穿着就有点花哨了，从进来的时候就看到脚上穿着倍儿亮的皮鞋，红色的衬衣领子周围镶了很多装饰的亮片，手上拿着刚摘下的墨镜，这也给了我一些对藏族年轻男人打扮花哨的印象。但是很可惜，在这过程中我竟然没有勇气和他们打招呼，问候一声（现在回想，如果是让我现在回到这个时候，我一定会和他们聊聊天，当然，前提是他们也不会太拘束或是防范我。）我总觉得藏族人太含蓄，可能不会跟一个陌生的汉人说话，说不定一怒之下男子还会上来给我几巴掌，那我就吃大亏了。事实上，在西藏待了几天后，我觉得西藏人是外边含蓄的，如果你真心和他聊天打招呼，他一定会以同样的方式回复你的！前提是，你需要主动和对方接触。不知道是这牦牛肉不好吃还是水土不服没胃口，现在想起那个牛排的味道很一般，而且牛排是三块，还有一半薯条和其他配菜，一份调料。我现在想起，可能是因为我没有把调料倒在牛排之上的缘故。。。（小爷我也没吃过这样的呀！内地的牛排不都是服务员帮我浇料嘛？！）简单的吃了一些，休息了一下，付钱出门右拐，下午时间充足，最起码要去布达拉宫瞧瞧，虽然没打算买票，但还是需要去看看的。走了不远，发现有一家网吧，想着正好找家网吧处理一下我的相片腾出空间继续拍照，顺便可以传上一些一路上的相片分享给朋友们。。。花了一个多小时，搞定这些事儿，出门走向布达拉宫，出了八角街，走几百米便到了布达拉广场，也挺近。进入布达拉广场第一眼就看到那神圣的布达拉宫，，，没想到这一刻来的如此匆忙，下午2点的拉萨太阳照的正旺，广场人不多，但是一个人工湖边依旧有很多面朝布达拉宫朝拜的信徒，多数是妇女，估计是为家人祈福吧，他们带着酥油茶和干粮，每次朝拜十多分钟就休息片刻。我在一个不远处的草坪坐下观察着他们，心里有些不解，有些感动。。。。坐了一会儿，起身继续闲逛在广场，走着走着便走到了白塔的出口，听说白塔这里有一个很好的照相角度，在一个小山坡上，而这里也被围起来了，每次两元。。。这里也是新版50元人民币背后图案拍摄的角度。拍照的人很多，途中我还帮人拍了合照，而我是一个人来的，肯定要在这里留影一张呀，找了一个和我年纪相仿的小哥帮我拍了一张，任务完成！从这个平台下来之后，继续前行，又逛到布达拉广场里了，口渴了，买了瓶水想着找个地方坐着看看路人呗？一个湖边的长椅上坐了一会儿，来了两位游客，闲着也是闲着，我便搭讪，聊了起来，得知这对情侣是今天飞到拉萨的，直接来了布达拉宫，并且告诉我布达拉宫的停车场那里有一个转经道的入口，免费的，里面挺凉快的，可以去里面逛逛。。。听到这消息，我便道谢后便前往布达拉宫的转经道入口，跟随着稀稀疏疏的游人和信徒走在布达拉转经道上。。。。一路上的转经筒排列整齐，在阳光的反射下格外刺眼。就这样走到了宗角禄康公园，景观湖中的游船上有僧人欢快的玩耍着，这点让我倒是吃了一惊。。。这一天的下午5点左右，准备走回住地的，走着走着发现旁边居然布达拉边的邮局就在这里，索性就进去排队买明信片、排队盖纪念章，花了一个多小时，而这些明信片也都邮寄给了朋友们。搞完明信片的事情，继续游走准备回住地了，但是居然拦不到出租车，只好先在路边的小店吃点东西，继续游走，居然走到了小昭寺，在小昭寺的转经道遇到两个南方的朋友，他们在一个转经道的拐角处拍摄转经的信徒，我也参与进去，倒也拍到了一张非常不错的照片。下图：一位老人面朝墙壁，虔诚祈福。最后，跟着这两位南方的朋友误打误撞的进入了小昭寺活佛的房间，其实我们是被一位藏族阿姨推进去的，因为当时门是关着的，我们也不敢贸然进入，她居然把我们硬生生的推进去，后来想起可能是她以为我们在犹豫是不是应该把自己生活中的不解或者其他的问找活佛聊聊。。。。最后，我顺利的经历了有生以来的第一次开光，当时完全没准备，只能把手上戴着的两个手链拿给活佛，请他开光，感觉非常紧张，手都不知道放哪儿，漫长的几分钟过去了，终于完成了，这位很亲切的活佛示意我们可以拿走自己的手链了，我们才敢伸手去拿，并且双手合十表示谢意，并拿出十元人民币布施，充分表达自己对佛的敬仰。这件事儿做完，已经是下午八点了，天快黑了，，，我只得和两位朋友告别，但是路边依旧拦不到出租车，我只能第一次体验一下拉萨的人力车。如果是在之前，我是绝对不会乘坐少于四个轮子的车，感觉这些玩意儿实在是不安全，事实上这次体验之后感觉——是真***不安全！首先是司机，藏族汉子，那速度叫一个飚呀，前面路口汽车都探出头了，他依旧加速通过，前面两米的位置有人通过马路，依旧从人的前面通过，并且是后面的轮子刚刚好擦过人的鞋子。。。。这样的技术，让坐在后面的我，一声不敢吭！只能是望而惊叹。总之这一次的体验就是惊险刺激，绝对不亚于坐过山车，特别是经过拉萨的小巷子的时候，完全是迷宫，感觉十分良好。。。在在巷子里我居然看到了8264大本营的招牌，让我瞬间感觉到了亲切！！！今儿，更完了。。希望朋友们多多顶贴，字儿都是自己一个一个敲出来的，有兴趣的朋友可以回帖，面对帖子里有误的地方或者有疑问的都可以问问，我都会回复的！ 《山南雍布拉康，夜入羊卓雍错》第八天，8月15日一早出发，拉萨天气依旧阳光明媚。今天的目的地是山南地区的雍布拉康和羊卓雍错，雍布拉康是一千多年前文成公主和松赞干布的皇宫，也是西藏地区历史上第一座皇宫；而羊卓雍错则是西藏三大圣湖之一，湖水碧绿，相传这里是由神女散落的绿松石耳坠形成的。一路吹着藏地的清风，驰骋在西藏的公路上。中午12点左右，进入山南地区行驶缓慢，但是路边的风景都变成了大片大片的青稞，这一地区的青稞已经熟了，当地农民忙着收割，如今的西藏人民在收割粮食的时候，都已经用上了现代化的农机作业，看到这景象，我们便把车停在路边，看看藏民收割粮食的情景。一片青稞地里两名藏族男人驾驶着两台小型的拖拉机在负责运输或者是在帮助收割，而其他多数的收割者是妇女，他们普遍的装束都是头戴大的遮阳帽，衣着长袖。这也是我第一次看到藏地农民在劳作，很感兴趣；但实际上和内地农民收割粮食的场景差不多，只是他们收获的粮食不同罢了。下图：正在劳作的藏族妇女继续前行30分钟，到达雅鲁藏布江的观景点，在这里看雅鲁藏布江的视角是比较好的，可以看到广阔的江面，不知道为什么，这里的江水很像长江水，十分的浑浊，呈沙黄色。下图：雅鲁藏布江下午1点35分，我们抵达位于山南地区泽当镇，在一条笔直的公路前方，我们看到矗立在扎西次日山上的雍布拉康，朝着那个方向，很快抵达这个经典的停车场，在车刚停下来的时候，就有几个藏族小孩询问我们是否需要骑马上山，这些小孩子应该都是专业的“小马夫”他们可以熟练的驾驭这些马儿，在上山和下山的路上，我们也看到有当地的小孩子在马还在奔跑的时候就可以上马，并且是上山的路上。谈好价格后，我们三人决定体验一下骑马上山的感觉，而这也是我第一次骑马。。上山的路已经被修理得很平整了，不算很颠簸，一路骑在马背上看着山下的风景和山上的雍布拉康，整个山坡都是绿色草原到今天，我已经在西藏逛了几座寺庙了，由于我是个俗人，并非佛教徒，对佛教的认知还很肤浅，所以觉得西藏寺庙的设施、装扮大体是差不多的，就不详细说明里面的内容了，简单说一下我对雍布拉康的印象：首先，雍布拉康面积很小，建立在一座山头上，山上到处是绿色的草原，而且在这周围没有牛羊放牧，在另一边的山头是挂满经幡的，从雍布拉康的观景平台是可以过去的，只是道路崎岖并且坡度较陡，我们没有过去，看到是大量大量的经幡，说明对于虔诚的佛教徒来说，这样的崎岖道路和陡峭的山头是挡不住他们对信仰的执着的！而从山上看山下，让我想到的第一个词语就是：田园！绝对完美的田园，分割得十分规整的方形田地，已经收割完毕的青稞地，满眼的黄色景象，一篇丰收之后的喜悦之情。在沿着转经路行走的时候，遇到一个小姑娘在出售自己手里的经幡，在理她不远处的一棵树下，地上摆着她的作业、半个馒头、一瓶“尖叫”饮料、用塑料袋装着的经幡，我是很佩服这位小姑娘的，因为她也在靠自己的劳动换取自己的回报，相对更多的人，她是值得肯定的！在做她小生意的同时，也在完成着义务教育，挺好的。由于我不是佛教徒，也就没有购买她的经幡啦。。。下图：雍布拉康集锦楼下还有一图。。 在雍布拉康待了大概有一个半小时，离开这里，开始今天的真正征程——前往浪卡子，距离大概200公里左右。浪卡子县城几乎是被羊卓雍错包围的，虽然路程只有200公里左右，但是到达浪卡子的时候，进入羊卓雍错的观景点，这段距离是需要上山的，这段上路是我有生以来最刺激的上山体验，山路由屈姐主驾，李哥副驾，我作乘客。我觉得日后我可以将山上的那段视频剪辑一下发布出来，这段山路大概走了一个小时，一路上的急转弯数不胜数，角度都极其的大，而且时不时还会迎面来一辆大卡车，而卡车司机是非常熟悉这段路的，所以他们是绝对不会减速的，一路都是吃他们的绝“尘”，而我作为乘客最大的乐趣就是看窗外的山下。。。坡度相对缓一点的地方还会有山羊和牦牛在吃草。而这段经历，我觉得比坐过山车要惊险好多倍。至少坐过山车不会有这么久的时间 - -晚八点半，在最后一丝红霞下山之前，我们赶到了羊卓雍错观景台。我们座驾在此时焕发着不一样的光芒！在红色的晚霞的照耀下，在海拔4500的地方，它显得格外的雄伟！！此时一定要放出它的照片！趁着最后一丝晚霞，我们抓紧欣赏这难得一刻，此时我想起了沱沱河的日出、纳木错的日出，而此时我在西藏的圣湖-羊湖看着它的日落景象，也格外激动！此时的晚霞格外美丽，西边的云朵被染成了血红色，格外壮丽，而它之下的羊卓雍错碧蓝色的湖水依稀可见，周围的绿山依旧在这阳光逝去的最后一刻守护着她；远处的冈巴拉雪山也依旧雪白；看着我们来时的山路，蜿蜒曲折，又显得很身姿妩媚。此时所谓的话语都不足以表现羊卓雍错的壮丽，看图吧！下图：红霞之下的羊卓雍错对于羊卓雍错，我是抱着满足的心态的，虽然我们只有短暂的十多分钟的观景时间，但是我们经历了那近一天最后时刻的壮丽！对此我们毫无怨言，因为这一切都是自然无条件赋予给我们的！在黑夜的掩护下，我们撤离羊湖，下山，前往浪卡子县城，找一家旅社，找个小面馆，吃上一晚热气腾腾的汤面，十分满足；巧遇几名刚到这里的骑行者，他们已经在附近的一家小旅馆订好房间，询问好地址后，我们也去了那里；条件虽然简陋，但此时在我眼里，有张床便是最好的，最满足的！因为今天实在有些累哇。。。《绝美满拉水库》8月16日，第九天：这一天在浪卡子县城吃过早点，我们打算按照当地人指引的路线，前往一个浪卡子的乡间，那里可以走到羊卓雍错的湖边，也许会有惊喜给我们！出了浪卡子县城，转向右边的一条小土路，景色优美，只是路上很颠簸，在一个村子的路口，发现这里格外美丽，犹如世外桃源，田园风光无限，村口一处溪水流过，一只小幼獒在水边认识这个世界，试探着将小爪子往水里放，然后又很害怕的向后蹦跶着；一只大奶牛在一旁的草地上低头认真的吃草，丝毫没有受到我们的影响；在大奶牛的身边便是一户用石头建造的藏民宅；远处群山稀稀疏疏的绿草之上是纯净的蓝天和白云，微风吹过；一边田地里的油菜花还有些稚嫩，还未完全开放，青稞也是绿油油还未成熟；一块农田里，两位藏民赶着牛，在犁地。。。此时，听着流水声，看着这一幕景象，十分宁静，也十分享受。下图：山南地区，浪卡子乡村风情——继续沿着西藏的”村村通“公路深入到山南农村里，村里正在铺设水泥道路，每走几百米都有一个施工点，导致我们的速度严重受阻，但是藏族人民是很好说话的，虽然我们的语言不通，但每当需要沟通会车的时候，拖拉机的司机大哥、大叔，都会用善意的微笑理解我们的意思，并且主动的将拖拉机退后到岸边让我们通过之后再继续他的工作，这也让我感受到了普通藏民的朴实和善良！这样重复了好几次之后，我们终于来到一处可以看到羊卓雍错湖边的地方，将车子听到路边的空地，徒步走进湖边，只是由于修路，在这边上修建了一个临时的混泥土搅拌厂，通过人工挖掘的办法埋设引水管道，导致这里的风景实在不如人意，好在我们也能踏入真正的羊卓雍错。看到远处的湖面上波光粼粼，还是十分喜悦的；在离我们很近的湖面上一群野鸭在遨游于湖水中。。。下图：浪卡子-羊卓雍错一角，在羊湖边短暂停留，我们继续像今天的目的地进发——日喀则市我们的运气很好，在经过浪卡子郊区的一处草原上，看到有几顶帐篷，很多人聚集在那里，我们想凑凑热闹，将车子停到集会不远的空地上。这里临时搭建了8-10顶帐篷，人数众多，帐篷外停着很多摩托车和越野车，看来是一个很大的活动。走近这里，通过询问我们得到允许可以在这里“凑热闹”，原来这里正在举行一年一度的望果节庆祝活动，望果节一般在青稞成熟的时节举行，在开始收割之前的2、3天开始举办庆祝活动，为的就是祈求上天给今年一个好的收成，一个活动会由每个乡镇的村民来充当演员来跳集体舞蹈，跟随着藏族的传统或现代藏族歌曲跳舞，活动会有政府领导、寺庙活佛和很多当地民众参加。让我感到印象深刻的是，每次节目开始之前，活动的主持人有两位，分别是藏语和汉语的介绍，并且每个节目都会由演员来介绍舞蹈的名字和演员介绍，虽然他们介绍的时候用的藏语，我并不理解是什么意思，但我看得出来他们在认真的介绍着，有事还会开个小玩笑说个小笑话作为开场白，引得周边的观众掌声和哄笑一片，十分热闹。演员认真的表演自不必说，他们跳的是集体舞，所以很壮观，由于藏族音乐的节奏感很强烈，观众的表现也很好，都很配合演员的表演。而周围的小观众更是配合我们的镜头，一名藏族小姑娘主动的拉来自己的几个小伙伴儿，来让我们拍照，摆出最漂亮的姿势，露出自己灿烂的笑容。在我们离开的时候，一个帐篷外，一名藏族小男孩一个人骑着自行车玩耍着，我随口跟他打了个招呼：Hi~ 他倒是非常迅速的给我回了招呼：Hi~~说明至少是这一地区的藏民是非常友善的，这里的小孩子非常的开朗，遇到陌生人也是能毫不避讳的和你打招呼，如果他会说汉语说不定还能聊上一阵子呢？！下图：山南，望果节集锦楼下跟帖。 续《绝美满拉水库》在望果节的现场逗留了大概一个小时，我们离开这里，继续前进，向着日喀则方向进发——刚走出不远，路边的蓝色小花儿引起我的注意，都是成片的开放，格外美丽。向前行驶了大约30分钟，就看到了著名的卡若拉冰川，近在咫尺的感觉如此明显！但是又触手不可得，冰川一泻千里让我感觉十分震撼，真害怕它真的坍塌下来，这样我们就会很轻松的被白雪活埋了~当然，我们能看到的只是庞大的卡若拉冰川一角，它的雄伟我们也只能见识一点点。下图：气势磅礴的卡若拉冰川一角。继续前行，广阔的山南、日喀则大地，一眼看不到边际。在这里，没有任何物体挡住我们的视野，群山、蓝天、白云，今次而已。而这里，也是绵延数公里的满拉水库所在地，静止的湖面像面巨大巨大的“魔镜”，而这面“魔镜”呈现给我们的视觉体验是震撼的，它将普通的水，变成了碧绿色，水库边的古老房屋已经坍塌，留下的只有历史的痕迹，只有沧桑的回忆。下图：绝美满拉水库继续行驶1小时，我们到达了江孜县城，这里最著名的的建筑莫过于：宗山古堡。进入江孜县城的时候，我们就看到了远处“江孜宗山古堡”，宗山古堡是以前的县府，类似于现在的县政.府大楼，现在则是江孜的志性建筑，是一处宫殿式的寺庙，很可惜我们来到的时候宗山古堡还在维修，不能进入。只能在广场下欣赏这座历经历史沧桑的古堡。下图：宗山古堡，附一路相伴的屈姐和宗山古堡的合影。十分雄伟-- 由于中午没吃饭，，，在县城里吃了个午饭+晚饭，我们继续出发，前往今天的最后目的地——日喀则市。而一路上看到的景色皆是体现“西藏粮仓”这一称号的青稞地，一大片一大片的绿色青稞，只待成熟收获啦！下午的夕阳十分刺眼，但又十分温暖。让我情不自禁的将收伸出窗外感受这里的清风。终于，下午八点半，我们到达了今天的目的地——日喀则市，明天我们将在这里游览著名的扎什伦布寺，也是班禅的驻地。今日已更新，完毕~~感谢您的观看，如果您喜欢还请您顶贴支持，谢谢！ 《游.扎什伦布寺》第十天，一早从旅馆出来，前往今天需要游览的地方——扎什伦布寺，这里是历代班禅驻锡之地，所以它的宗教意义在西藏是举足轻重的，而且也是西藏最大的寺庙之一，在最辉煌的时候曾同时拥有一万多名僧人！如今这里已经是国家级4A景区，供游人参观游览，同时也有数百名僧人在此。而它在后藏信徒的心目中的位置就如同前藏信徒心目中的布达拉、大昭寺！上午九点多，来到扎什伦布寺大门口，整个停车场几乎停满了！看来现在果然是“旺季”呀， 由于是旺季这个寺庙的门票貌似也和网上查询的不一样，贵了好几十块，原本我们想找找当地人，看能不能花点儿小钱，让当地人把我带进去~早上到这个寺庙的停车场后跟当地的一个小姑娘沟通很久，希望她能把我们带进去，因为她家和寺庙仅一墙之隔。。。可是沟通失败，语言完全不通，既然来了，我们只有乖乖掏钱进去了，， 进入寺庙大门，首先看到的就是由于整座寺庙群都是建立在一个山坡之上，所有的建筑的高度都是依次上升的，很有特点，面积最大的错钦大殿面积最高，几乎在寺庙的室外都可以看到它的金顶，在中午的阳光照射下格外的耀眼。而这座最大的建筑给我最大的印象也是非常的耀眼！！！几乎整个二层全是金子的，阳光反射到你的眼睛里几乎睁不开眼，导致你站在它的旁边拍照都格外的耀眼和明亮。。。由于小飞并不是佛教徒，而且提前没有做什么功课，对于扎什伦布寺，介绍的可能不清楚，如果有兴趣的朋友可以去百度百科查查，在这里小飞只能整理些照片给大家看看啦！下图：扎什伦布寺一角由于在寺庙中有好多旅行团的游客，人太多转不开，我们就先从旁边绕到寺庙的背面，原本是打算爬到背面的山上俯视整座寺庙的，但是等近距离查看之后发现貌似背面的山很陡，罢了。就在后面游荡吧，，，很有意思的一个事儿就是：这座寺庙里的普通僧人！就连年纪仅十多岁的年轻僧人手里拿的几乎都是iphone，最次的也是索爱。我们在闲逛的时候走到了一个厨房的门外，几个年轻的僧人在择菜，也不是很认真的择菜，其中两个年轻的僧人手里拿着iphone5玩实况足球，另一个在用索爱手机看着电子书，互相还聊着天，身边还着倒好的酥油茶。。。。下图：扎什伦布寺僧人所谓窈窕淑女，君子好逑。小飞也不例外，在一处阴凉休息的时候，看到美女就拍了几张，分享给各位看客分享，如果有缘，片中的美女看到本贴，又不愿公布自己的美图，那么请联系小飞删除！下接 下午了1点多了，离开寺庙，找地方吃饭，来到步行街，看到这里有一家很清静的藏餐厅，进去了。有几位当地人在吃面条，一桌人在聊着天，当然了，咱听不懂。这个吃饭必须得说说，到现在我都记得极其的清楚，，，我和屈姐都是点了一个藏式炒饭，李哥可能比较饿，他就点了两个东西，一个炒饭加一个“牛肉酱”，点了之后我感觉挺好的，炒饭配着牛肉酱，肯定不错。等了十来分钟，李哥的“牛肉酱”上来啦！下图：这就是我们万万没想到的东东哇，端上来我们就傻眼了，这小碗儿里装着带血色的汤水里浸泡着的就是牛肉，生的牦牛肉哇。。屈姐连看都舍不得看几眼，由于是李哥点的。。。所以他自己来尝试，首先跟服务员确认了好几次，确定这玩意儿就是生吃的之后，李哥直接一大口下口里，看着他表情的变化是由坏变好的。。。我就感觉奇怪，等他咀嚼了大概30秒咽下去之后，给我们的回复是：味道其实挺好的，就是嚼不烂。。。如果有朋友去了西藏一定记得尝尝这玩意儿，它就叫“牛肉酱”是和着糌粑一起吃的。吃过难忘的午餐后，我们在日喀则的步行街闲逛了一下，觉得没有什么意思就开始返程回拉萨啦~~车开到拉萨的曲水县，时间是下午七点半，天公不作美，开始了它的表演，而这时的天空绝对不能说美丽，也不能说温柔。可以和女人极度爆发之后的情况相媲美！下图：暴雨将至，整个天空的颜色从蔚蓝变成了乌黑，就像天要塌下来似的。着实有些吓人。。。晚上八点左右，回到拉萨了，李哥已经让朋友订好酒店，我和屈姐进入房间，他去和朋友喝酒去啦~今天更新到这里，感谢各位！附一张楼主在扎什伦布寺金顶合照大图。。《回到拉萨！》已经是西藏旅程的第十一天了。 8月18日，第十一天。 已经从日喀则回到拉萨，早上起床后屈姐一个人单独去逛拉萨了，她来了这么多天还没有机会好好的玩拉萨的景点，正好回到了拉萨就去了；而我就和李哥一起去东措等大一些的青旅找找他回程的同伴，方法很简单，基本就是在青旅的留言板贴上小广告看看是否有同行者。这样的方式的好处就是李哥可以找到他的同伴，而我又可以找到前往林芝的队伍。。。需要提出来的是：东措、平措等名气很大的青旅有大量的留言，但是上面的留言条有至少一半是隐性广告，内容上说是拼车AA，其实就是旅行社拉人头的勾当。在此，小飞给出一点小小的甄别技巧：1、打电话过去，查看对方的手机号码是否为西藏以外，如果是本地号码那就90%的可能是托儿；2、看看同样的内容、字迹的条子是否有两张以上的；3、如果号码是外地的，那就在电话里问问他，拼车您肯定也会一起去的吧？4、找个地方见面聊聊，总会有破绽的。忙活了一上午，见了几个人有了一些意向，我们就先没管，我们先去西藏博物馆逛逛，了解一个地区的文化从博物馆开始是很合适的。整个西藏博物馆囊括了几乎所有关于西藏的物品，有西藏特有的唐卡展示区；西藏古时王族的王冠；或是权利象征的象牙玺、黄金玺等等物品，整个博物馆从最华丽的物品到普通藏民使用的物品都有介绍。如果您来到拉萨，一定要花上一两个小时来逛逛，里面的很多东西你可能不懂、不了解，但是看过之后还是会有收获的！在此放出博物馆中的展品，里面有大量的象征权力的“印”，也许在很久以前，这样的印章按下一次就可以改变西藏的命运！之后，我们来到罗布林卡，这里是多代达赖的夏季宫殿，虽然这里离布达拉宫仅几公里的距离，但是一走进罗布林卡就很清凉，绝对比外面凉快，这里就是一个大大的皇宫，里面有好几座恢弘的宫殿，而宫殿以外的地方到处都是高大的绿树和花草，所以走在这里的路上几乎没有刺眼的阳光照射进来。罗布林卡的华丽真是瞠目结舌，其中的一座宫殿里达赖的宝座下镶嵌的就是几颗鸡蛋大小的绿松石，一排一排的小钻石，一排一排的珍珠，而整个座椅都是金黄的，正是权利的象征呀！穿梭在各个房间中就可以看到或者基本了解达赖的生活状况，其中一代达赖崇尚西方的生活，所以拥有很多洋马车，我甚至看到了马车的车轴处有减震设计。。而整套的卫生间都是按照西方早期的设计，根据讲解员的说法这些设施都是外国进口的，或许那时候整个西藏只有达赖拥有这些东西吧。整个罗布林卡很大，靠腿穿梭在各个宫殿中可能需要好几个小时。所以我们选择是景区的电瓶车穿梭在各个宫殿中。总共也花费了两个小时左右的时间。关于罗布林卡，富丽堂皇，如果室内可以拍照的话，一定有很多漂亮的照片！由于李哥已经确定了明天就回成都的计划，而他和我一样也没有看过晚上的布达拉宫，所以晚上九点的时候我们两个一起去了布达拉广场，晚上的布达拉广场好像比白天人还要多，可能是因为晚上气温低一些，更加适合外出散步的原因吧。整个广场灯光略显暗淡，用的还是很老式的钨丝灯，照出来的灯光都是泛黄色的，感觉倒也挺好的。晚上这里加强了安保，让我感受最深刻的地方就是在广场的国旗台的四面都有至少两名武警守卫，他们守卫的正是祖国的尊严！而黑夜中的布达拉宫看上去依旧高大雄伟，尽管其他地方都是漆黑一片，但一眼看过去就可以知道那里是布达拉宫，而且夜晚的布达拉宫更加神秘，因为它底部的探照灯在晚上开启后整座宫殿从下至上都被照亮。从广场中出来后，我们决定去看看晚上的布达拉宫转经道，或许晚上那里的风景更奇特，因为晚上几乎没有人在那里走动。而事实也是这样的，从布达拉宫的后面看它，即使是在夜晚，它也依旧神秘和美丽！而且当晚的月亮十分奇怪，可能是因为尘埃的原因月亮周围的颜色是五彩的。可能这也是西藏送给李哥的一个送行的礼物吧，而这一天我过得也很充实，一直在走动，这一次也好好的在拉萨去过了两个重要的地方。也许是每个夜晚，布达拉都是这样迷人；也许是上天送给我们的礼物，让今夜如此美丽。（如果您喜欢这些图片，，楼下放出。）今日更新完毕 夜景-布达拉图下图：布达拉的月亮下图：夜景布达拉宫下图：夜景，布达拉宫后《林芝队友全是武汉老乡呀！》8月19日，第十二天：今天一早李哥就出发了，他最终选择将自己的车从拉萨托运回成都， 然后再和几个人一起租一辆越野车走川藏线回成都，再在成都开上自己的车回宜昌，而从今天开始我们和李哥的同行时间就结束了，而他的回程肯定也有很多故事。而我和屈姐则打算找人一起去林芝，我们不想参加旅行社的活动，打算自己去寻找拼车的人，然后租一辆正规旅行社的车和一个司机就可以了。但是事情好像并没有那么的顺利，从早上我们出发去青旅的留言板查看符合我们要求的留言，找到一个比较靠谱的家伙，自称四川人，但电话打过去居然显示拉萨移动，打过去问了一下在哪里见面聊聊具体细节。对方倒也很爽快的答应了，正好他和他的朋友们在一个家庭旅馆的楼顶喝茶聊天（虽然最终判定这个家伙是个不靠谱的玩意儿，但他和我们见面的地方确实是一个超级无敌的好地方！在这里好好描述一下，他们喝茶地方有点类似于一个亭子，但是这个亭子的四周没有座椅，没有墙面，只是用很透风的布遮挡着，随风飘荡，即可以遮阳也可以透风。因为他这个地方是在一个很隐蔽的巷子里的一家家庭旅馆的楼顶，相当于是一家私宅的楼顶所以非常安静，大家一圈人都是坐在地毯上，中间放着一个藏式的茶几，上面放着酥油茶或者其他的奶茶饮品。吹着风，吹着牛，这种日子实在是仙人般的！） 我们坐下和他们瞎聊了一下，顺便把明天去林芝的细节跟我们说了一下，但听得出来他好像是去过那里或者是很熟悉那里，但处于信任，我和屈姐并没有说什么，然后问了一下价格也很合适，比我们自己租车的费用还要少一点，所以我们就这样暂时决定了。从这个楼顶下去之后，我们倒也挺放松的了，想着总算是完成了这一件大事儿。而这一天是星期一，屈姐要拜财神，我们就去了一个离市区有点距离的寺庙，据说那里的财神是最灵验的（本身我是没有宗教信仰的，但我尊重它，也尊重屈姐，所以就跟她一同去了），由于拦不到出租车，我又一次坐上了具有拉萨特色的人力三轮车，我相信在拉萨这种人力三轮车给拉萨的交通解决了很多压力！我们和三轮车主谈好价格后一路绝尘而去，待到了寺庙发现临近关门时间了，我们便加快速度进入寺庙的主殿，按照当地的习俗走了一整套程序，程序是如何的我就不说了，也挺简单的，几分钟便出来了。出来后，看得出来屈姐一脸轻松，好像所有需要做的事儿都做完了的那种满足的轻松。刚出来一会儿，屈姐的电话响了，是刚才在楼顶见过的那位自称四川人的家伙打过来的，他貌似很焦急的询问着屈姐为什么之前说好的七个人中的一个人电话打不通。 而且这样重复了两次，因为之前约好的朋友电话打不通。。。。这样也让那位自称四川人的家伙露出了破绽，他为什么这么在乎队伍中少一个人或者说为什么要如此在乎队伍中的一个人电话是否畅通呢？于是屈姐让我打电话给自称四川人的家伙，探探他的口风。我打过去之后，直接询问：明天你会和我们一起去林芝吗？ 他回复：我不跟你们一起去。。。我：好的，那我们也不去了，再见！挂掉电话，我和屈姐也就都知道是怎么回事儿了，这就是旅行社的托儿或者是旅行社的临时工吧- -，这种人专门在青旅或者游人密集处张贴所谓“拼车”的召集广告，其实就是旅行社的托儿，帮旅行社拉人，赚取人头费的。否则他作为一个需要拼车的人为什么不跟车一起去目的地游玩呢？实在是陷阱到处有，拉萨也挺多呀。。。这样一来，虽然我们成功躲过一个陷阱，但同样的问又来了，我们明天去林芝的计划还是没着落。我们只好又回到了“东措”这家历史最悠久之一的拉萨青旅，正好遇到了林芝队伍中成员之一——小莫，事实上他比我大好多。他就跟我们一起想办法，最后是一家旅行社的美女营业员给我们出了个主意：旅行社里租车肯定要贵一些，因为旅行社要赚钱，司机也要赚钱，不如省去旅行社这一步，直接去找司机租车，可能会少一些！（这主意出自那位旅行社营业员美女，我后来想到，可能是老板不给她涨工资的原因，她这是在报复老板呀，哈哈哈。事实上，我们根据她的提示也成功的完成了这一次的林芝之行！而且价格比旅行社要便宜很多！在此感谢。） 这位美女给我们的建议是前往客运站的外面，会有很多“黑车”，租他们的车去林芝，会比旅行社的车便宜很多。我们从旅行社出来后，屈姐就说，为什么不能在这路边随便拦一辆“黑车”呢?说话之间，正好一辆银色面包车停在路边，我们上前询问是否愿意前往林芝，这位四川的车主很高兴的回复我们，愿意去，那里我很熟之类的。事实上，这两面包车是一个上着临时号牌的新车，所以我们有些顾虑，但也不能随便放弃这么一个机会，我们谈好价格后互相留下联系方式，决定晚上再确定。和面包车告别后，我们在路边交换意见，普遍感觉：面包车不舒适、新车无保险、面包车安全性不如商务车！谈着谈着就看到马路右侧一辆银色的车牌：藏.ALxxxx的商务车缓行驶，屈姐飞奔过去招手停下，可能因为是女士拦车，藏族司机很热情的询问什么事儿，这是一辆九坐的商务车，后座无人，副驾驶和驾驶位都是藏族人。屈姐跟他们说明情况后，司机很高兴的说道：我的车就是旅游车，而且是有高额保险的，旅行社都是让我们去接客人的，你们要去林芝找我最合适，我经常跑林芝那条线，很熟！这样一来，我们就很有兴趣的围拢过去，谈论价格和线路，一切非常顺利，过程也很和谐。这是我第一次和藏族同胞长时间的谈论着某件事，也比较快的习惯了他的藏式普通话，价格我们觉得很合适，和其他几位同伴通电话商榷之后决定就这辆车，并且确定了明早的集合时间和地点后，司机提出需要交一点押金，多少钱都可以。这一点我是非常能理解的，毕竟别人是做生意的，时间就是金钱，害怕明早白跑一趟嘛。所以，我就让他写一个收据或是把某个证件给我，我可以给他500元的押金，这一点他居然想都没想就答应了，给了我他的身份证后，我愉快的递给他500大洋，就这样我们欢快的告别后，这一件事儿就这么办好了！最终确定明早在“东措”接我们，然后前往那几位同伴的住地接上他们就可以出发了！这件事情真正的解决好后，我们大松一口气。屈姐第一时间打电话给另外的几位同伴，她们邀请我们去她们的住地吃饭，她们在一个我们曾经住过的地方，这一个小区很多类似于家庭旅馆的店，环境很不错。我们肯定是满口答应去蹭饭了，，，由于小莫需要和他的同伴吃饭就没有去了，我和屈姐到了那里才发现，三位同伴全是女士，并且全是武汉的。这实在是缘分至极！并且更加好玩的事情是，这家旅馆的老板也是武汉人，在拉萨很多年了，在我们正准备开饭的时候，又有几名武汉的女生，她们刚从林芝返回拉萨的！也就是这里全是武汉人。。。由于她们三人赶时间去看《文成公主》实景剧，我们确定好了集合时间和细节后就离开了，，，这一天的事儿基本全都做完了，我和屈姐也拖着疲惫的身子回到宾馆休息了。明天就是前往林芝的日子啦！对于林芝的评价，有好有坏，有人说那里没什么意思，有人说那里的风景如画，绿树成荫。。。我想，是时候自己亲眼看看这里啦！西藏的后花园，西藏的江南——林芝。 今天没更新什么图片咯。 这天是在拉萨寻找明日前往林芝的同伴和车辆，所以没有图片。。。 《挺进林芝！》第十三天，8月20号。大清早7点半收拾好一切行装，背起我的行囊穿过大昭寺广场，穿梭在拉萨的小巷，前往我们昨日和藏族司机“西洛巴桑”商量好的集合地点，行走大约十五分钟就到了，小莫和他的同伴就住在这里，八点准时看到西洛的车开到这里，开心的和我们打招呼，这时候天已经亮了，太阳正准备升起，我们一行人前往拉萨的“仙足岛”和另外三位队友会和，我和屈姐之前在这里住过所以还比较熟悉，知道这附近有早点可以吃，我们索性就边吃早饭边等她们出来。吃过早饭，三位女队友也都吃过早饭，只是和我们的方向相反，时间刚刚好，我们即刻出发林芝！到这时候介绍一下我们的所有成员吧：1、屈姐：我一路上从宜昌到拉萨的同伴，在来拉萨的路上也是司机兼副驾驶安全员，负责和驾驶员聊天来保障全车的安全（其实就我一个乘客）为人真诚而直爽，很有毅力，一路上都在安排着一些事情，喜欢拍照和旅行。2、小莫：小莫是屈姐在排队买布达拉宫门票的时候认识的，他和同伴是广西人，说话有浓重的广西口音，感觉他很容易相处，林芝的一路上我和他坐在最后排，每当车子经过颠簸的路段，我们两个都是一起在座位上蹦跶，虽然叫他“小莫”但是他比我大很多，但是长得却比我年轻 - -。3、小莫的女同伴：实在惭愧，到现在我也不知道她的称谓，一路上都是喊美女姐姐。话不多，但自己很有主见，在林芝我们三人打算去吃当地很有名的石锅鸡，就是她坚持的，说明她也是个吃货，在选择吃哪一家的时候她的一句：哪家人多吃哪家。让我们倍感强悍！4、三位武汉的美女姐姐们：这三位是屈姐在布达拉广场拍照时遇到的，至于为什么会遇到我也不知道。但是我猜想可能是她们都喜欢拍照的原因吧，这三位是酷爱拍照的，而且相片质量相当高，肯定是经过了长期实践得到的，而且她们拍照全是用手机，运用自如。在林芝路上的欢乐气氛基本都是靠她们三位维持的，她们很活泛，一路上的高歌、欢呼，喊着：one two three 西洛！5、藏族司机：这位司机大哥全名叫：西洛巴桑，我们一路是叫他西洛，因为藏人没姓氏，直呼其名也是对的。 是他让我和我们更了解一位真实的藏人生活的细节，让我们知道了藏族男人比一般汉人更加直接，更加风流；其实藏人是表面的含蓄，真实的内心是很直率、漏骨的；他甚至跟我们说他有好几个情人，他现在最想要的是一个汉族女人做他的情人，因为汉人的皮肤更白。这些话也都是坐在我前面的女士们调侃他套出来的。。。。而作为一路上的司机，他的速度让我们感觉到了藏族人的驾驭能力，一路上不论是刚修的沥青路、年久失修的水泥路、坑坑洼洼的土路、上山的急转弯、单车道的山路，他的速度永远让前座的女士们尖叫，而这样只能更加激起他的雄性激素，速度也就更加彪悍。结合之前在拉萨市区搭乘藏人的人力三轮车的经历，我总结了：藏人的行车速度和技巧绝对是中国一流水平！人物基本介绍完毕，虽然几位美女的名字我全忘了。。。下图：林芝全部的同伴们（很可惜没有西洛的照片（如果图片中的人物不想出现在这里，请联系小飞，立马删除处理！并表示抱歉。））早上八点半左右，我们整装待发，沿着318国道从拉萨前往林芝方向。很快，我们路过松赞干布的故乡——墨竹，由于是“路过”我们也并没有打算特地游一下松赞干布的故居景点之类的，但是在停车的地方有一块松赞干布的雕塑，很多游人在这里拍照留念，我们也不例外，只是我是帮大家拍照的那一位。很有意思的现象就是：这块雕塑的边上，用绳子拴着一只打扮得很漂亮的藏獒，之所以没有它的肖像是因为在看到它之后，我就觉得这里面有诈！并且第一时间提醒着同伴们一定不要用手机或相机镜头对着这只“漂亮”的獒犬。果不其然，在我们准备上车的时候，一名藏族小伙儿从旁边的人堆里钻出来找一名刚刚拍完这只獒犬的游人要钱，十块！一时间我就知道我之前在网上看的那些帖子里写的是真的，对于藏人的私人财产还是不要在没有经过允许的情况下抚摸、指指点点、拍照。。。虽然经过一个小插曲，但是丝毫没有影响我们的心情，这时候早上的太阳完全升起，早上的太阳是红色的，温馨的，温暖的，亲切的；她的升起象征着这一天要开始了，象征着整个藏地开始全新的一天，绿树、青草又在迎接着所有的游人，而青草的生长又吸引着牛羊的啃食，牛羊的茁壮成长又养育着这里的人民，生生不息。。。。从这段旅程的开始，注定了我们在路上的行驶速度是彪悍的，即使有限速站的限制，也挡不住我们的西洛熟练的驾驶技巧，一路上他的左手基本都是在车窗外的，因为车子的档位一直在最高位，他不需要去换挡，左手都是在车窗外感受着一路的清风和阳光，时不时的唱着藏族的小调，享受着他的驾驶乐趣。下图：米拉山口。下图：进入林芝地界，林芝风光：正是因为西洛的速度，我们在10点30分的时候就抵达了海拔5000米的米拉山口，这里最显眼的就是几只铜牛雕像，它们昂头挺胸，骄傲的迎接着游人，脖子和牛角上戴满了由敬畏大自然的人们献给它们的哈达，跟随着满山的经幡，在山口的悠悠寒风中飘荡。这天的天气好极了，蔚蓝天空，白云点缀，寒风吹过，作为蓝天的前景满处的绿草布满所有眼睛能看到的地方，绿山上的高压电塔也见证着国家对西藏的电力建设。虽然它的出现一定程度上破坏了风景，但它可以给曾经无电可用的藏族人民带来黑夜里的光明和接收外来信息的电视信号。而从这里开始也完美的见证了三位武汉美女姐姐的本性——拍照，各种拍照，各种自拍，各种姿势，各种恶搞，各种表情，各种欢乐。。。在远处的我看来，这是如此美好，如此和谐，如此羡慕，甚至不由自主的露出羡慕的微笑。因为我理想中的旅行就是这样，和自己的好友在很特别的地方各种姿势的拍照，各种的恶搞。而我能表现纪念的方式就是——每到一个山口或者是很美的地方，站在那里抽上一根烟，以此纪念，我曾在这里很享受的抽完一根烟。此时想起，我在昆仑山口、唐古拉山口、米拉山口、 卡若拉冰川脚下、纳木错湖边、羊卓雍错湖边、尼洋河边、雅鲁藏布江边都以同样的方式来纪念我的脚步，当然与此同时也给这片美丽的土地增加了空气污染指数。。。我有罪！西洛和我一样，也是一个烟鬼，我和他总是在其他人忙着拍照的时候，在一边相互递烟，边抽烟边聊天，聊着他在路上的故事，聊着他的生活。。。。楼下继续。。 续：挺进林芝上回说到，我们已经经过米拉山口，继续沿着川藏线行进。一路通过米卡山口之后，窗外的颜色几乎都变成了绿色。 从这里开始就进入了林芝地区了，两遍的山和水都是绿色的，由于这里的气候湿润多雨，造就了这里的独特风景。所以这里也被人们称之为小江南！ 一路上眼睛都不够看，终于到了第一个下车拍照的地方—— 尼洋河中游的中流砥柱，顾名思义，成语“中流砥柱”的意思是指两江交汇的地方一块大大的石头突起于江水中而屹立不倒，这也形容一个人在团队中能起支柱作用！到达中流砥柱的时候已经是中午12点，下车的第一眼看到的就是尼洋河湍急的河水中间，一块巨石突起于河水中，石头正面刻有：中流砥柱四个大字，虽然这块巨石的四周都是湍急的碧绿的尼洋河水，但巨石的上部分居然长满了绿草，足以说明这块巨石在这里的时日已久啦！虽然狭窄的盘山公路沿河道一边围起了铁栏杆防止游客太靠近，但这一道栏杆又怎能阻挡住游人对如此壮丽美景的渴望呢？幸好，离路边不远的地方就有一处亭子，应该是修来给游人休息和拍照用的，在这里拍人像正好可以将“中流砥柱”作为背景。当然，这个亭子也是三位武汉美女姐姐先发现的，依旧，我帮助她们拍合影，反正我也是闲着嘛。 下图：尼洋河上的中流砥柱！在这里拍完照片，短暂停留之后我们继续出发，沿着尼洋河前行，而一路上公路边上都有一条碧绿河水的跟随，格外忠诚。继续前行一小时左右，藏族司机西洛带我们来到他经常带游客吃饭的一家饭店，饭店最直观的的感受就是——大而空旷，大厅一眼望过去全部都是桌子，没有任何浪费的公共空间！大圆桌一个挨着一个，可见平日这里的生意是如何的火爆。而西洛也跟我们讲了，他是司机来这里吃饭是不要钱的，作为带客人来消费的回报可能饭店老板会给一些分成他。吃晚饭，继续前行，下午的最主要的目的地是前往色季拉山碰运气，如果人品极佳可以在那里看到南迦巴瓦的全貌。只可惜我的人品还没有攒够，到了那里才发现南迦巴瓦峰上面全是云雾，从她的胸部以上全部遮住了，连一点点尖都看不到，等待了十多分钟还是没有任何变好倾向，正当我们打算继续前行去看鲁朗林海的时候天公不作美，大雨倾盆而下。我们临时决定返回八一镇。下图：南迦巴瓦，她始终是羞涩的，不愿轻易露出自己的全貌。下图：色
韩国乱码
陈添杰Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangMr YANG Liusong, a Chinese who just finished the first solo traverse over Chang Tang by cycling from west to east in recorded human history, shared his stunning Expedition with all of us through the forum 8264 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-512349-1-1.html . In order to share his legendary journey with those who cannot read Chinese, I translate his story to English here, which has been approved by Mr YANG Liusong. Hope you guys enjoy it.为了让杨同学的传奇能让全世界的驴友分享，俺决定把杨同学的帖子翻译成英文。为了避免麻烦，俺先来个免责声明：1。杨同学不认识俺，也没有授权俺，如果他说不要翻译了那俺就随时终止；2。俺没有商业目的，译版版权归杨同学，俺啥也不要，也不承担法律责任；3。没有杨同学授权，不敢擅自发在国外网站，发在原帖处，荣誉归8264；4。俺英语水平有限，欢迎指正，欢迎转贴。 Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangBy Yang LiusongIt has been three months since I traversed the unpopulated region in the Great Chang Tang. There are many like-minded asking me about it. I now present this thread to briefly tell everybody about my journey.The starting point of this traverse was from the highest peak of the western part of the Tibetan plateau, Jieshan Daban, and the day was April 20, 2010.I was heading eastward passing Bungdag Co, Yanghu Co, Rola Co, and Kangzhagri Mountain, which crossed over the desolate region from west to east. The journey continued northward to enter the unpopulated area of Altun Mountains, through Hoh Xil Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Whale lake, ..., finally met some people by the Aqqikkol Hu and then arrived in Huatugou by vehicle three days later and that day was July 5. It had been 77 days in total. I had been all alone 74 days after leaving Jieshan Daban until arriving inAqqikkol Hu, which was about 1400km and about four months.[The Great Chang Tang] In Tibetan, ";Chang Tang" means northern empty wilderness while narrowly, means unpopulated region in northern part of Tibet. However, it actually indiCATes all of the no man's land in northern. The great Chang Tang includes desolate places in Northern Tibet, Hoh Xil, Alun Mountains, and Kunlun Mountains, which are interconnected to form the unique and super empty wilderness in the world. Only because Hoh Xil is the most known name, most people just think this vast land is equivalent to Hoh Xil. In reality, Hoh Xil is only a small piece of the Great Chang Tang both administratively and geologically. The Great Chang Tang, the last land to chase your freedom and dream.The route that I traversed ForeplayI arrived in Tibet in the early March, a couple of troubles bothered me. The brand new plug got its positive and negative wrongly connected; the rivets of my rucksack eASIly got broken from now and again; and a multi-functional charger got damaged and so on. Riding my bike to Ngari for warming up of this journey, lost my rucksack but later got it back; lost my camera bag and got it back later again, and finally lost a big bicycle pannier in the street of Gyangze town under the eyes of police, including clothes, solar panel and so on.Without much choice, I returned to Lhasa to adjust all the stuff I would need in the wilderness. Then I begged some luck by going to Nyingchi to enjoy the blossoms of peach trees and to take a hot spring bath. I even had the privilege to enjoy time with ten girls in the hot spring. I felt my bad luck had all gone and then returned to Lhasa again to prepare going to Ngari. I did not expect that I was cheated on by some hustler and lost some money and delayed my schedule for a week. I had to find a car myself quickly to Nagri. However, I lost the tool for fast-parting my rear wheel on my way to Nagri, where was a remote area in Tibet and nowhere to buy the tool. Even if there was one in Lhasa it would take at least ten days for a special delivery service. I was lucky that my mate Duola asked a driver to bring the tool for me from Lhasa. I thought there should be no more nightmare like this but the nozzle of my brand new multi-fuel stove was broken. The next day I tried everywhere to weld them back together. The first three shops could not do the welding for copper. The fourth one said they could do it but could not guarantee a sUCCess. The engineer said it would be ten Chinese yuans if it was a success. I agreed. Just in seconds, my nozzle became crap in a flash of lightening. I was so upset. Again, Duola helped me by bringing her own MSR oil stove and Dingding's sleeping bag to Nagri. That was already April 16 and I did not have much time to waste. The following day I found a vehicle heading to Jieshan Daban.The sand storm over Yarlung Zangbo RiverA lonely peach tree blossoming in Yarlung Zangbo Grand CanyonNatural hot spring in wild, me singing and drinking (photo by a friend of mine) Day 1(April 20), 16km, Camping 5192mIt was a truck with a full load of iron wastes, arriving in Jieshan Daban at 6'o clock in the morning. It was still night and extremely cold and dark. Driver was not bothered to pop his head out of the driving cab. I climbed up on the top of the iron wastes, taking my bicycle down. In a hurry, I punched my old water bag. Fortunately I had another MSR water bag given by a friend of mine otherwise I would definitely fail without even starting my journey. For the first time for me to set up the brand new tent in strong, cold winds. It would be impossible to do so if the tent was not a whole piece. Extremely cold outside, about -15C, might be lower than that, I put my head into the sleeping bag but was nearly suffocated to death, honestly. The smell of Dingding's sleeping bag was, lol, so extraordinary. I woke up around 11 o'clock. There were still strong winds outside so that I had to use my bodyweight to keep the tent in place. At the time when I just started to cook and eat, four patrolling soldiers approached me. To their surprise someone, in this season, camped in Jieshan Daban. I was so nervous and afraid they were the people to block my journey because I was caught and deported from the desolate land last year. Luckily the four soldiers did not know my destination and were very kind to me. After they left, I immediately packed my stuff and pushed my bike into the depths of the unpopulated area just in case anything unexpected happened.The bike was very heavy due to the provisions and hard to control. There was even a quite small hill that I had to remove my bike panniers to get over it. This really struck me because this happened even the path was still the hardship one at the moment and I could not imagine what I would do once I entered the uncertain, endless wilderness. Until now I had not met anyone, even the nomadic pastoralists. I remembered there were quite a few of them roaming at the edge of the northern Tibetan plateau last year. All of these indicated it was not the good pasture season in such low temperature and strong winds. Around 16km there was a sheep cote, where I passed it last year, east of Lungmu Co. I was exhausted at this point so that I decided to camp in here and to rest my head. After arranging tent everything I went out to look for the wetland discovered by Duola and Liumeng last year. I was determined to find it.There were many hot springs in the wetland which were underground water with a constant temperature. The wetland therefore became an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such harsh weather, which was the very unique land feature of terrain in this over 5200m highland.Perpetual snow in the valley blown to corn shape by strong windsThis wetland was discovered by Duola and Liumeng. The workers at a nearby mine did not know it and I too missed it last yearUnderground water with a constant temperature, an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such icy weather 感谢大伙儿支持和加分，不一一回复了。特别感谢多啦，希望能有机会一起喝酒吃肉。 Day 2 (April 21), 0km, Camping5192mBlustering gale all night, up and down like ocean waves. The next day rather than continuing to travel, I stayed inside the sheep cote, hesitating and pondering over. Indeed, there were so many problems before this journey;I did not have sufficient physical preparation;the load had already reached its limitation; I still coughed a lot;the weather was so extreme and cold. All in all, I did not think this journey was well prepared and I did not have confidence in completing this journey mentally and physically. To do, or not to do, it was the question. Similarly I did not have confidence in my facilities, not knowing whether all of them would work functionally or not. The fact was one of the rivets got broken again and the front rack came loose. In the afternoon, I replaced all the rivets of the panniers with screws I had prepared before. This was an excellent job I had done which gave me no further troubles throughout my whole journey. I also re-adjusted the front rack. However I did not think it would definitely all right because I did not have a tool to do it. When the darkness descended,I made up my mind to continue my journey, which, of course, was not beyond any imagination. Orchid-like weedsSmall springs everywhere, clear and chillyA thin layer of ice covering the fresh spring water The sheep cote, it was the door under the sleeping bag, which was in the same place as last year, everything looked like yesterdayThe wetland at duskLungmu Co at dusk. You could hear the gigantic sound of wind if the picture had a sound Day 3 (April 22), 52.4km, Camping 5145mGot up in the morning, could not put everything into the bags. Without much choice I had to throw away three portions of tsampa, elbow pads, and crampons. Following the road of the lead-zinicmine I found the side path to enter the wilderness, which was on the riverbed and very hard to see. I missed this side path last year so that I had to take a short cut into the wilderness directly then. That was why I had taken extra care to find the side path. The following journey was to get over a big hill, which lay 5275m above sea level and was the highest point of my whole journey. Around 2 o'clock in the afternoon, I passed the side path leading to Orba Co and started a journey which was complete strange to me. I ate a piece of pilot breads, which was frozen like rocks so that I had to use my spade to crush it. At 6 o'clock in the evening, I had pushed plus rode my bicycle for about 32 km. I reckoned I should have been able to double this if I did no carry such heavy load. The wind became stronger and stronger. I opened the parasail kits and tested it. The result was far beyond what I expected. With the aid of the strong wind I was just like flying over the wilderness. After 8 o'clock in the evening, I started to observe the water Source and to get ready to camp. Map showed there were successive springs along the path and assembled to puddles. But I had overestimated the water source here in this land and in this season there were endless wilderness inside the valley, where I could not see a single drop of water. As it became darker and darker, I felt a little bit nervous which resulted in three spokes of the parasail broken and became a useless rubbish. Anyway, it helped me to move forward 20km more which benefited me a lot later on. When time approached 9.30 pm, it was almost completely dark. I had to lie my bike on the ground and went on to try to find water on the north side of the valley. This was a wide and flat sandy land, where I could not see any ditches there and further was complete darkness. I returned to get my GPS to look up the contours and found the south part of the valley was closer to a hill so I took the way. Finally I found a piece of ice in a ditch. I smashed about 20litre of ice. The ice was quite shallow scattered with sheep poo. On my way back, my eyes were hurt by strong winds, which got me a couple of days to recover. It was nearly 23 o'clock after I set up the tent. It also took about 40 mins to melt the ice. I was so tired and my appetite was completely spoiled. I then had a little bit of milk. I had never expected thing would go like this, it was so distressing. Streams along the path, ice everywhereThe river flew into Matou Hu, in whose north part there was a satellite lake, a wonderful ice-skating court It took 40mins to melt the ice in midnight Day 4 (April 23), 31km, Camping 5028mA cloudy day with gusts. From now and again, hails chased me from behind. Sunny spell. Heavy sandy land made me have to push my bike. At 3pm, I arrived at Luxing Hu, where there was a house made of clay. This was the last permanent building of my journey. Last year, Duola and Liumeng once lived in this house for three days without meeting anybody. It seemed it was the same but the truck parking in front of the house made me worry about. I went to the sheep cote first to check over, where there were only a few lambs following me everywhere I went later on. This made me feel warm in my heart. I observed farther places using my binoculars but could not see any people or sheeps. After making sure there were no people around I opened the locked door using a screwdriver. The living room was very clean. There were two boxes of beverages on the ground and a string of cured lamb legs hanging over in the interior room. A pot of water was on the top of the stove, lukewarm, which indicated the host must be not far away from his home. I filled up my water bag and left the house. I also put the screws back to the door in order not to leave any trace of my visiting. I then took a spanner from the toolbox of the truck, which gave me great help for the rest of the journey.I left the house as quickly as possible. After last year's experience, the nomadic pastoralists were the last people I wanted to meet. A few hundred meters away from the house, the vehicle traces were fading fast. Even downhill, I had to push rather than to ride because of the heavy loose sand. From the route point of view, only after Luxing Hu it was the real unpopulated land. After many days, I thought of the lamb legs from time to time. It was pity that I then had plenty of provisions and the bike was too heavy to carry anything more. Continue to melt the ice under the morning sunshine, all of the sheep poo had been removed carefullyCamping site, the little hill over there was the place where I got the ice last nightThe house by the Luxing Hu, empty, the last permanent building I saw throughout my journeyDay 5 (April 24), 19.8km, Camping 4951mSet off at 10.30 in the morning, the weather was similar to yesterday. Probably this road was the high plain or somewhere the wind passed so that it was so windy. The average wind speed was degree 6 but could reach degree 9 in the blick of an eye. The road was still full of sand and very heavy to walk on it. My eyes became worse under such harsh weather. About three o'clock in the afternoon, I saw something in my right, looked like antenna. I went closer to see what it was and found out it was an iron tower (the triangulation station). In 1970s, a joint team from Chinese three military regiments entered this area doing research. They have left a lot of triangulation stations and benchmarks, which I had the priviledge to see them today.At dusk, I approached to a spring by the Bungdag Co, which flew into the frozon lake. The sand and soil, brought by the strong wind, scattered on the surface of the ice all over the lake. There were so many cracks around the icey surface of the lake. I geussed it must be caused by the springs under the water rather than by melted ice. In the west of the Bungdag Co was the side path leading to Keriya Pass, where a SUV could reach directly. I had looked out any vehicle Tracks but failed. The cloudy sky started to snow. I set up the tent comfortably because I knew that I was safe having such a sweet spring beside me.Triangulation station erected by scientists from the joint research team on Chang Tang of three military regiments in 1971[size=+0]The gap between water and ice in Bungdag Co, I guessed there must be some springs under the lakeThe storm just above the ground, a chaotic darkness[size=+0]Icy Bungdag Co,one of the four biggest lakes in Northern Tibet, wild ducks flying over this vastness and lonenessSnowing at any time, should not happen so frequently like this in this seasonDay 6 (April 25), 4.3km, Camping 5002mWeathering landforms everywhere around this area. Spongy volcanic rocks could be found easily. I pushed my bike turning around a small hill, seeing a big river, the Yinshui He, flowing from Orba Co into Bungdag Co, which I had been to its upstream last year. It was also a passage for animal migration. The downstream of the river was extremely wide and broad. The thickess of the ice layer could reach one meter with the main stem in the middle course of the river, very deep. There were a few springs along the river, sweet and clear.I only went forward a little bit more than 4km but I had walked more than 20km for finding my way. It was not possible to cross the main stem, let alone the north bank of Bungdad Co. What I could only do was to try to find a shallow place to cross. But the southern area was a even larger piece of wetland and forced the road turn towards west. I spent a couple of hours but failed to find a good point to cross the river. In the afternoon, I decided to follow the edge of the wetland. When I reached the hill foot, the wetland finally disappeared. Around this area, there were clearly volcanic feature of terrain and I even found traces of pasturing and cairns made from volcanic rock.Here was the last pasturing trace I found throughout my journey, I guessed it was a summer pasture area. After this, there was no clear sign of human activities in this vast wilderness. I had been looking for my ways until it was dark. I made up my mind where to go TOMOrrow. The terrain here looked like Yardang landforms, as well as volcanic landforms The Yinshui He river from Orba CoSprings scattered all over the river bank, painted green by lovely algaeThe river was very deep. The mixture of green and amber colour showed the sand and mud carried by the melted iceThick layer of ice, sunken surface caused by strong gustsThe south course of the Yinshui He, countless small streams. To the right was the wetlandLooking for ways in the east, a trace of pasturing and the cairn made from spongy volcanic rocksMy camp, opposite to the hillDay 7 (April 26), 11km, Camping 5009mI moved forward to the direction I found yesterday, turning around the wetland and walking toward east. At 2pm, I was blocked by the zigzag Yinshui He again and I had no choice but to cross it. The river was about 700m wide, covered by ice which appeared very different. The hanging ice, the folding ice, the piling-up ice, the icy puddle, and the sleet were everywhere along the river bank. Having noticed all of these, I reckoned the river would be receding at dusk, which was why there were so many different shapes and forms of ice. I put my slipper on, going into the main stream of the river. I found there were at least three different courses of the river, the thickness of the surface ice varied and the river water reached above my knees. I sighed there would be no way back once I crossed this river. There are many ways in one's life too, you can only take it once and you will no long have the courage to repeat it.I pushed the bike crossing the river. Some of the ice was a bit soft, jamming the tyres so that I had to use my feet to break them first. Some of the ice was a bit thick but with half-melted underneath, sticking the the bike completely, some of the ice was half-water half-ice with a sandy riverbed, which was really hard to pass. I had to remove all of the panniers at the last stage of the crossing. I spent the whole four hours to cross the river, my legs got many bloody cuts. At 6pm, the surface ice was almost disappeared completely, the river level rapidly rising to a chaotic status. I thought if I hesitated a little bit at that time, I could not have the courage to cross this river under such circumstances. The river bank was unimaginably sandy and was quite steep. I had to unloaded the panniers again to reach the top of the bank. By the time of sunset, the weather became exceptionally good. The sunlight from the descending sun, the blue sky, the faint moon, .... I liked such a colorful and peaceful Chang Tang and very much enjoyed my camp and myself bathed in such beautiful colour.The ice like this was very thin and suspended, far away from the main stemHard surface with half-melted underneath, the soft sand at the botton was most scaryThe ice like this could easily jam the wheels, hard to get it outI had to unload the panniersChaotic water and terrible hails turned up in no timeThe Chang Tang at the moment liked it used to be,a mixture of cold and warm tones under the golden setting sun Day 8 (April 27), 14.6km, Camping 5112mLast night, I forgot to bring in the odometer, which was out of order due to the coldness in midnight. Since then I used GPS to check the mileage. The digital thermometer was no longer working. I had to use mercury thermometer to collect data. Night temperatures were basically between –15℃—–20℃ while the temperature inside my tent was about –10℃. The advantage of the integrated tent was that it limited the ventilation so to keep warm inside. However, it got clearly disadvantage of heavy condensation and dew. Every morning, there was plenty of frost inside the tent so that I had to put my hood on First Before fully getting dressed. The winds in Chang Tang finally became consistent with the pattern I had researched the other day no or very tiny wind in the morning, strong wind started after 2pm, and then at around 8pm its strength was reduced again. The accuracy of this prediction was about 80%.The road was very bad today. I walked whole afternoon in an ancient riverbed and it was so difficult that I had to use all of my strengths to move a small step forward and then to stop to breath, slower than a snail. After five hours' struggling, my eyes got wet when I saw the grassy river bank. Finally! The nightmare was over.Cold and clear morningHeavy morning condensation in the interior, a lot of frost to clearSuch dawning sunlight indicated a cloudy day ahead Day 9 (April 28), 18km, 5072mIn the morning I entered a range of sandy roads which were so terrible. The solar panel specially designed for GPS got short circuited. After checking it was found to be the diode got damaged. Luckily I got a replacement. Because the GPS was exclusively supplied by a solar panel so that it was no longer a problem for the power supplement of GPS. In a period of 70 days, I did replace the battery once, which saved me a lot of alkaline batteries. I did have another solar panel of 5.4 W which was used specifically for 7.5V Camera, DV and other digital facilities. Unlike water, I had never been short of power.At 7pm in the evening, I arrived at Pur Co. The surface of this lake was very odd the ice by the river bank rose and the river bank was broken, I reckoned that was due to the strong winds. The ice there was mingled with something yellow, could be the stain of alkali. There were many wild yaks on the other side of the lake. There could be two brown bears but I could not be for certain. On the east side of the lake, there was a peninsula leading to the centre of the lake. I camped just opposite to the peninsula. At night , I smashed the ice to get drinking water, which tasted alkali. For the first time I cooked the cereals, which was brought completely by accident. This was just because I found there was a little bit of extra space when I was in Nagri packing the stuff for this journey so that I bought two packs of cereals. It tasted disgusting, probably there was too much alkali in the water. I threw away half of it. Later I realised that probably I subconsciously felt that the provisions was so heavy. I would rather make it lighter at any cost.Dry all my stuff in the morning sun, a routine matterA faint dusk in Pur CoThe river bank pushed up by ice and opened like zipper by gustsThe pushed up surface of the iceThe place where I got my drinking water, a thin layer of ice behind the ablation corns The moment just before sun set, glittering Pur Co, nothing was the same差点儿没找到俺自己的帖子，原来变色了。多谢各位鼓励。 Day 10 (April 29), 16km, Camping 5141mIn the morning, I walked around the north bank of the Pur Co， where it were continuous ups and downs sprinkled with light yellow sprouts across the sparse grassland. The wild yaks clustered into small groups. All of a sudden, there was a group of five of them running towards me, blowing a huge cloud of dust with the power of thunderbolts,I believed that anyone who did not know the characters of the wild yaks must be frightened to death under such circumstances. The fact was the wild yaks in groups never injured people. Rushing to you just to show you its territory. When they approached people at certain distance, they would turn sharply and run away, and then stopped somewhere high to stare at you. You can not imagine that the wild yaks were very cautious animals compared with its almost one ton of weight. Their first reaction, when meeting people, was to raise their tails, the front hooves rubbing against the ground, the horns pointing forward, the eyes redden, and the long body hair shaking, all of which showed their determination to fight.This was the warning sign that you should retreat. However, you should realise that this was only a gesture that they were afraid of you and wanted to scare you away. The thing was that if you were not afraid of them and moved forward, they would run away in no time. There were only some mad yaks attacking people, which was really rare to happen. In Chang Tang, an experienced driver know that it is very dangerous to pass directly from two or three lonely wild yaks. They always tried to avoid confronting them directly. If this was not possible, they would lit a cigarette, smoking, to wait until the yaks walked away themselves. This was because the wild yaks really could attack vehicles, which was not completely rumors. I once asked them why I had not been attacked. They told me that because my bike was so small they would not be bothered to attack it. My own experience was that approaching a wild yak very slowly, do not look into its eyes, and ignored what it was doing. As long as it moved forward a little bit, just stop and give the yaks a little bit of time to think. Because if you forced the yak, it could be themost dangerous animal in the world and nothing could stop them killing. Even a gunshot could not kill it but only left a small hole in its skin. In the past, the nomads living near this land would use yaks' skin as chopping board which was very much endurable. At noon, I lost my balacLAVA, which was brand new and I had never used it once. I could not be bothered to go back tofind it. This resulted in that I had to have my fleece hat day and night in the rest of my journey, which did not provide fully protection from the sun in the plateau. But somehow I was all right, perhaps because my skin is similar to those of yaks, lol. At around half past one, I found a deserted Jeep, upside down. I felt it could be there for years and it could be the vehicle of someillegal HUNTERs. Nowadays, we have wildlife conservation reserves in Chang Tang and the animals here are well protected. However, some people kills the wild yaks to sell them as the domestic yak's meat. In general, it is worth 10,000 Chinese yuans for a single wild yak. Therefore many people take the risk to make money. They often enter the unpopulated areas to hunt and their activities can reach 200 km in diameter. This is why the wild yaks in the deep wilderness are less afraid of people than thoseat the boundaries of the Chang Tang region.There once happened that a wild yak mother revenged its baby's murder in the Altun mountains. Its horns pierced the killer's chest and held his body over its head for more than ten days, which was very touching.Around 3pm, I walked out of the Pur basin. The next point was Hong Shan Daban and then it was the Yueya Hu by the Toze Gangri. At this time I found a vehicle track from south to north. I checked over but could not find the way where they had gone. I took my map, GPS, and compass, climbing up a small hill to estimate the location of Hong Shan Daban. The mountain was very round and it was hard to find the mountain pass. After determining the location of the Daban, I moved straightforward. When I passed a messy grassland, I saw something that I was reluctant to see more than hundreds of wild yaks' head scattered all over, which was definitely the scene of the illegal hunting. After that it was a very long ancient river bed with soft sand slowly rising until the foot of the mountain.There are some spines on the surface of the tongues of wild yaks, which are used by nomads in this area as combs. They use them from their teens to the time when their hair becomes silver.The deserted Jeep, could be left by illegal hunters years agoThe slaughtered wild yaks with the wheel size heads. Some of the skulls were chopped into half. Why was that? Could be taken away for making combs?My camp at the foot of the Daban underthe lingering golden rays of the setting sun. Tomorrow's weather must be wonderful, I reckoned Day 11(April 30)， 20.4km, Camping 5120mThe surface of the road leading to Hong Shan Daban was very hard, most of them were small rocks, sort of gravels, plus a quite long downhill slope, I pushed my bike more than 20km for the first time after Luxing Hu. The mountain pass was quite flat, just like a broad ridge, it was 5256m above the sea level. Upon arriving at the pass, Toze Gangri of 6356m was in my sight clearly, very much round and there was no back bone like normal snow covered mountains. Most of the snow mountains in Chang Tang looked like this probably it was due to the geological movements. There were quite a few chirus or Tibetan antelopes in the valley but I was not interested in this kind of animals anymore after I witnessed a large scale of migration of such animals last year elsewhere.The herbivorous animals here are very quick to reach its original size of the population, such as wild yaks, chirus, Tibetan gazelle, pika, and marmot. When you go into the depths of the Chang Tang, you could hardly be surpised by the sudden appearance of the chirus because they are so common in here. At this time of year, the chirus have already male-female parted. You could see many pregnant female chirus but hardly see any males. According to recent research, Zonag Co is not the only lake for breeding. There are at least four of them in the whole Chang Tang. Zonag Co, Tuzi Hu, Heishi Beihu, and another lake I can not remember. I think there must be more than four of them and most of the populations do not migrant long way like most people used to think. They generally migrant from south to north between Central Mountains and Kunlun Mountains.The chirus looks very timid but are very curious about outside world. They are not really afraid of people, particularly in the depth of the Chang Tang. The nearest distance we can approach is about 30m. They just stare at you calmly and think who you are and why you move so slow. They would run in front of you. Look like they are afraid of you but the fact is they are playing with you. A man's own character shapes his fortune. This is of course suit for animals too. The chirus are the typical one. They have a super speed and a pair of sharp antlers. If they are crazy, three of them work together could easily kill a wolf. But as you might have known, their antlers are just for fighting to mate with females.Down the Daban there was a very steep and straight road, I tried to ride the bicycle but ended up with falling over. The front rack came loose and one of the pannier flew into valley. The foot of the mountain was the Yueya Hu covered by ice, which was alake full of heavy metal elements. Along the lake bank there were many stark rocks very much weathered, lining up just like castles or houses. This made me stop to investigate what they were from time to time, I did understand they were just rocks though but they were so real like the figures of real people. On of them even made me hide in a ditch, observing them again and again using my binoculars. There were also many black volcanic rocks. All in all, the features of this area were really unusual.Passed over the Yueya Hu, it was an endless ancient lake bed. What my GPS showed was this area was a big lake like tentacles. I looked around, it was endless wilderness without a piece of ice and a drop of water. Roughly, I estimated this lake bed was about 1200 square meters. I had to tell you that Chang Tang was a place where there was no high-resolution map. The marks in the map often were some kind of memory. Just like this ancient lake bed under my feet, may be it was full of water a few years ago. Who knows. Pushing the bike in such an endless lake bed was very easy to get lost. My mind was in a chaotic status too.The migration of the animals, photo taken last year The road rising up to the Daban, full of gravels, very hard, ideal for pushing your bikeThe Yueya Hu gazed at by the round and smooth Toze Gangri. At a glimpse, could you tell which was mountain, which was cloud?Ancient lake bed. The white stains were the alkali, look like ice. About wildlife (part 1)Declaration Personal experience for reference onlyDangerous wild animals and their threats to human beings are a ever-LASTING subject for those backpackers travelling in the wild.In Chang Tang, for example, there are two kinds of deadly animals, one is wolves and the other is brawn bears. As substitutes, wild yaks and crows might be dangerous to you in some circumstances that I will come back to this a little bit later on. As for how to protect yourself against these dangerous animals, I think the primary point is you do not try to hurt them because the emotions of human and animals are same instinctively. [Wolves]Throughout my journey, I met wolves a total of seven times, in which I confronted them five times. As you might have known that wolves have become more and more solitary animals, it is very rare they live in a large group nowadays. Please allow me off the point a little bit and talk about the ecological problems in Chang Tang. The problem is now not the decrease of the number of the chirus but the imbalance of the whole food chain, more specifically, the number of the animals on the higher trophic levels of the food chain has not yet reached its ideal level which results in this kind of imbalance. Particularly, the pikas and the marmots who have lost their predators rapidly expanse which results in the desertification of Chang Tang. As early as the middle of last century, wolves were the dominant predators in the vast wilderness. They became a threat not only to other preys but also nomads pasturing in this land. Therefore, the then government called on people to cull back the population of the wolves in Chang Tang, which resulted in the current situation directly. The last official record about wolves attacking humans was around 1970s, which happened in Bamaoqiongzong. A team of secientists was surrounded by a group of wolves and they had to shoot them using guns. Of course, at present in Chang Tang, wolves are absolutely lonely.In this traverse, the first time I encountered a pair of wolves, one of them staying in front of me pretending to attack me while the other staying behind me. This is the standard attacking strategy of wolves. First, you should not be nervous which can be easily detected by the predators. Second, you should not retreat even an inch because this means you are the prey rather than the predator. Do not make any large movement, of course you could take a picture if you feel safe to do so. You must look into its eyes for a few minutes or even half an hour. When the wolves can not work out who you are and consider you are not posing any danger to them, then they will leave. You should remember that wolves in this land do not lack of food and it is much easy for them to catch a pika than a human. Even if being hungry, they would evaluate how easy to get you done, What you need to do is to show them that you are not interested in them and you are not afraid of them at all, let alone to show your ID card to them. As for the wolves family, really, I have not heard for ages. If you really have an encounter with them and they have no other choice, then it definitely depends on your forture. In fact, for so many year, it has been very rare to happen that wolves kill human. But the rumours are still there, in particular, the road connecting Xinjiang and Tibet.The nearest encounter with a wolf throughout my journey, no conflict at all[Brown Bears]Brown bears are real dangerous animals to human. Every year there are some accidents happened in some regions of Xinjiang on the north side of Kunkun Mountains and steppes in Northern Tibet. More than that the bears could attack your house, smash your windows, and eat your sheep. Therefore, in Northern Tibet some local councils give subsidies to the pastorarists for compensating the losses due to the bears because they are not allow to fight back and kill the bears except their lives are in great danger. Once there was a nomad taught me a method to protect yourself from bears. He told me to pick up a stick to feed the bear and the bear thinks the stick is your hand which tastes disgusting. So the bear would leave. It was so funny but the reality is to find a stick in this vast wilderness is just like you win the lottery.Bears are omonivorous animal who are generally not interested in human flesh. You can find that in most of accidents, the bears did not eat any of the human flesh rather they just smashed them for kind of fun that we could not understand. For the reason why bears kill human, one explanation is the conflict between human and wildlife in this extreme ecological environment. The nomads invade the habitats of the bears, which results in these conflicts. On the other hand, it might be because bears have quite high IQ so that they think it is much easy to kill a sheep in the cote rather than to kill a pika in the wild.I have met bears five times in my traverse, in two cases we were very close to each other. I had even walked with one of them for quite a while, just like we had a date for a walk. The fact is it is not that terrible like you might imagine. The same rules for dealing with wolves apply to bears. Never provoke dangerous animals. A bear can run at a speed of 40km/h, do you think you can compete this in a highland 5,000m above sea level?However, there is a situation where it is really dangerous, that is the encounter. It is not easy to control your instinctive reaction to the external dangers. Last year once I turned around a hill, there was a bear just in front of me. The bear of course was frightened by me with its front legs holding up, waving in the air and roaring. At that time I sat on the ground, ignoring it. The bear then left in a few minutes. Chang Tang is a vast land so that this is not that easy to happen. But if it does happen, really only God can bless you.The nearest encounter with a bear throughout my journey. This bear disappeared in a herd of wild yaks, which I had tried hard to spot, really weird About wildlife (part 2)Declaration personal experience for reference only.[Wild Yaks]I have talked about quite a few, like in the post of Day10. I will no longer talk about it.This was the funniest encounter with a solitary wild yak, who did not warn me. If I sat down, it sat down too. If I moved forward, it stopped. Could not imagine what it was thinking about.[Crows]Crows are dangerous only when you fall unconscious in the wilderness. Of course they will be the first to taste your flesh in that case. Unlike their cousinsliving in urban areas, the crows in Chang Tang have a larger body like eagles. When they fly over your head, you could feel like it is a piece of cloud. They are scavengers but like fresh meat too. It once happened that a baby was killed by crows relentlessly, let alone the lambs got killed by them. Once a nomad asked me for fireworks to scare the crows away. (They are sacred birds not to be killed by human)It is easy to defend yourself against crows, that is to keep fighting, never fall in the wilderness.A short break attracted the crows. Of course, they were miscalculating this time, photo taken last year[Strategies Adopted]At the time when I met the four soldiers in Jieshan Daban, they said there were many dangerous animals in the Northern Tibet and asked me if I had brought a shotgun. I think if they knew that I would enter Chang Tang they would definitely check if I really have a shotgun. The so-called defence facilities I brought with me were the fireworks and pepper spray. I had never used them. The fireworks were ruined and thrown away when I crossed a river and I had never opened the pepper spray. I even had never thought about this when camping in the night. The reason was I did not feel the needs. During the day time whenever I met any animals I had never touched the knife I had brought. I did not have anything to defend myself when I walked out to investigate the route. The Chang Tang is really a vast area so as to be very easy to detect anything strange.By the way, you'd better to avoid mating season's animals because even tamed rabbits could be aggressive in mating season.The thing is even if you have a gun, it is not very much helpful when bears attack you. Therefore, your attitude is most important.I can tell you something. Dogs are more dangerous than these wild animals. I had been chased by Tibetan dogs, pounced on by dogs in mating season, also besieged by a group of dogs. I really feel it is more useful to know how to defend a dog.Declaration again The above experience is from Chang Tang only. Of course, the more you prepared, the better. Day 12 (May 1), 23.8km, Camping 5117mToday was May 1 -- the Labour Day, I had been walking in some lake area marked in the map but clearly dried up. The lake basin was flat and hard so that I even pushed my bike more than 20km. Let it be the special treat for my May Day. After midday it became cloudy with growing winds. Since the Yueya Hu that I passed yesterday, there were no big lakes until Yanghu Co (My route would be between Jianshui Hu and Bairab Co), there was even no light alkaline water to drink so I had to pay extra attention not to miss any possible drinking water supply to fill up my water bag. There were a few very small lakes but all were alkaline puddles which was very shallow, whose depth was no more than the length of a half-finger. These puddles were covered with a hard shell of the mixture of salt and ice which smelled stinking and decaying when getting closer, must be toxic water I supposed. On the shore of this type of small lakes it was muddy soil and very hard to get closer.There was no sign of tundra at all.It was almost half past six when I found some snow corns in a ditch, which was the only drinking water supply of the day. There was a thin layer of melted ice on the surface of the ground near the snow corn, which was very hard to collect and was contaminated by the alkali. The snow corn was the yet melted thick snow, which was shaped like a corn by wind. The snow was quite hard and dry,porous like ice. I crushed a few snow corns, putting them into the water bag.They would be my drinking water tonight. These snow corns were the only one in today's wilderness, I reckoned the reason why they were not melted like others was the soil underneath contained large amount of ice blocks which acted as a freezer.Very strong gale in the night, it was hard to bear the sound of the vibration of the tent. Small single tent was good in the sense that it would not be blown away as long as you stayed inside. But you had to be very careful to set up the tent. I once did not pay much attention when doing so, the tent was blown away by winds, and rolling over like a Giant lantern ... I ran after it, got it back, and was exhausted. In general, it is not possible to fix the tent completely using tent pegs because they were not very much effective like large tents. It was snowing around 23 o'clock, the winds were howling from north,then the falling snow flakes landed on my tent quietly, I finally felt at peace and fell asleep. The flat ancient lake basin, assisting me walking more than 20kmSmall lake en route, toxic waterSnow corns, the only drinking water supply today Day 13 (May 2), 0km, Camping 5117mWaking up in the morning and opening the tent, the heavy snow outside must be sent by the God to force me have a break for the May Day. After lying in for a while, getting up and walking on the snowy ground out I went to have a look around. As first sight there were a herd of chirus. They were plainly to be spotted because they looked like a clear black straight line in the while snow. I returned to get my camera and then followed them to take some pictures. But they were very much alert and kept a quite long distance from me. I felt they were a group of pregnant females, instinctively protecting themselves from any potential harm. I was no longer short of water, the snow gave me a precious supply of drinking water. The problem was that they were very petrol consuming. I tool 8.6 litre of petrol and the oil stove was Duola's MSR. The pot was of 1.5 litre, mainly for boiling water. After several days' experiments, I found that the liquid water needed 16mins and 14-15mins to boil in the morning and evening, respectively. For ice, it would take 35-40mins while for snow it took 45-50mins. Melting snow was a very time and petrol consuming process so if I had a choice between snow and light alkaline water, most of time I would go with the latter. Lying inside the tent, listening to musics,I smoked a cigarette while gazing at the more and more chirus around me. Because it was very cold I had been wearing my shoes all the time. Now I just put my bare feet under the warm sun for some fresh air. I found three cuts in my hands and one in my sole. The cuts were about 4cm in length, looked terrible but it was actually all right really. Half of my toes were injured by to much walking, quite painful. I fetched my medicine bag and found I only got four patches of plasters, a serious mistake. One of the cuts in my hand had never been cured until I was out of this desolate land so as to feel like this finger would drop from my hand at any time. The others quickly recovered in a few days then new cuts appeared elsewhere. This process occurred periodically. I felt that it was somewhat related to the cold, dry weather and the lack of vitamins. The snow rapidly disappeared, which is unique phenomenon in Chang Tang. Because of the low air humidity and the high radiation from the sun, the snow was evaporating very fast, much quicker than the melting speed. Owing to this, the ground was generally still dry after the snow disappeared. In most cases, it would be only 2/5 left in the afternoon around 2 to 3 o'clock and small patches of ground could be seen. It would be completely all right for walking the next day. On the third day there could be some snow left in somewhere the sunlight hard to reach. So generally it could give you three days of water supply after a heavy snow like this. One of the pannier was broken, the most expensive one from deuter series, supposed to be waterproof. I will come back to it at some point later. Everything was covered by snow, no way out Lying in the middle of Chang Tang, listening to Tian Zhen's songs, and smoking Baisha cigarettes, what else can you ask for? The pregnant female chirus in migration, probably heading to Heishi Beihu to give birth(
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蒋世昌该贴记录本人在美国游记的点点滴滴，分享给大家，供大家欣赏，希望广大驴友强烈支持下实拍国立美国历史博物馆 这是我自己感觉最难写的一个博物馆，我最怕的是这个帖子最终变成了一堆片子，而我希望的是朋友们能和我一样，在穿越这二百多年历史的浮光掠影之后，能带着一点思考。 国立美国历史博物馆，英文全名是“The National Museum of American History”，与以前介绍的航天航空博物馆、和国立自然历史博物馆一样，是世界上最大的博物馆体系 — 史密森尼博物馆（Smithsonian Institution）下属的十六所博物馆之一，亦是美国最大的历史博物馆。国立历史博物馆位于华盛顿国家广场中段的北边，东邻以前介绍过的自然历史博物馆，南门遥对美国农业部。馆舍长175米，纵深91.5米、高36.7米，是一个白色大理石的五层建筑，总面积75万平方英尺，包括地下室、三层展厅、两层办公室和储藏室，顶层是机械动力室。我去的时候圣诞节刚过，大厅里还伫立着有两层楼高的圣诞树。 美国历史博物馆的展区有三层，一层设农业技术、交通运输、电话电信、纺织、医药等；第二层设第一夫人服饰、移民、昔日日常生活、移民发展等部门，三层设军队史、兵器、报纸、邮政、乐器、货币与纪念章、陶瓷器等部门。博物馆的宗旨是“收藏、保管和研究影响美国人民经历的物品”，展览的主是表现美国人的生活，时间从美国独立战争结束至当代，整个陈列反映了欧洲各国移民到达美洲大陆后艰苦创业，开发技术，共同努力创造一个统一的不断发展的美利坚合众国的历史。与一般的历史博物馆不同，美国历史博物馆的展品不是按年代和地区陈列的，而是按专，这与美国历史的短暂及藏品博杂很有关系。 新近开放了为911专辟的展区：911-历史的见证。在那里，人们可以看到前纽约市长朱利安尼在纪念活动中带过的帽子、来自各地的义务工作者在救援活动中使用过的工具、纽约警车残骸以及无数的图片与故事等，这些物品，忠实记录着那一震惊世界的事件，更提醒人们对生命的尊重与生存的意义。这是被攻击的美国五角大楼 9月11日那天飘扬的旗帜。 星条旗馆区是必须看的，那里有1812年第二次对英战争中飘扬在麦克亨利堡上空的长14米，宽10米的大星条旗。 美国总统展区有很多实物，包括：美国第一任总统华盛顿的制服、戴过的假发和使用过的佩剑、杰佛逊起草《独立宣言》时用过的办公桌、杰佛逊使用过的圣经、林肯的帽子、卢瑟福总统的广播话筒等。· · 反映美国服饰的展厅里以白宫室内布置为背景，塑有自玛莎·华盛顿以来历届美国第一夫人穿着礼服的蜡像，成为200年美国贵妇人服饰演变的史料展示。· 我最喜欢的是肯尼迪夫人的礼服，简约却唯美，透着十足的品位，某种程度上解释了为什么她曾经会是最受上流社会男人追捧的女人。 奥巴马夫人的礼服在我看来只是一件普通的晚礼服，从礼服上可以判断，第一夫人的个子真的是好高哟。· 顺时针：林肯夫人、卢瑟福夫人、卡特夫人、和艾森豪威尔夫人的礼服。 对战争史有兴趣的游客可以在第三层参观关于越战、炮舰、西点军校、以及冷战时期的陈列。这里还有货币、纪念章、防止品、印制品的展览。这是南北战争时候火炮实物。 左：1838年Spencer发明的显微镜。右上：1844年摩尔电码电报机键。右下：1888年柯达制作的第一台照相机。 左上：1926年的1401蒸汽机模型。左下：1897年史蒂芬·巴隆制造的四轮轻型汽车。右：1846年Elias Howe发明的缝纫机。 左：1965年贝尔直升机为美国军方制作的Huey65-10091，1966年参与了对越作战。右：星球大战制片人George Lucas制作的机器人角色R2-D2.在实际的电影中，这两个机器人是穿着服装的演员扮演的。 左：拳王阿里的拳击手套和毛巾外披。右上：著名现代爵士乐圆号师 Dizzy Gillespie 在1972年-1985年间演奏使用的号，这圆号的扭曲处原本是偶然事故造成的，但他发现这样的演奏效果更好。右下：迈克尔·杰克逊的帽子。 左上/右上：电影《绿野仙踪》（The Wizard of OZ）里女主角穿的那双著名的红宝石鞋。左下：狮子王的面具。右下：著名卡通剧最早的模型。顺时针：史上最著名的棒球运动员Babe Ruth名的棒球，奥运会冠军的冰鞋和体操衫。 同时还有展区展出了18世纪邮局模型、古老邮票、和民族乐器等。最后我想花点时间专门说一下这个在一层展区的历史实物：The Woolworth’s Lunch Counter （Woolworth餐馆的午餐桌，作者译）。· 在1960年，黑人还不允许坐在北卡罗来纳州Greensboro市 F.W.Woolworth 饭店的午餐桌子上吃饭，那时，种族的不平等在美国南方还是司空见惯的事情，不论是在饭馆、卫生间、和其他公共场所，黑人都被“Jim Crow”这种族不平等的条理制约，无法获得平等的选举、租房、甚至外出就餐的权利。 1960年2月1日，四个黑人大学生来到这里、坐下、然后礼貌地点午餐，他们的要求被拒绝了，并被勒令离开，但是他们一直坚持坐在那里，这种被动和平的反抗方式点燃了美国年轻人中挑战种族不平等运动的战火，成百的学生、民权组织、教堂和社区的人员逐渐加入抗议，和Woolworth 饭店持续对峙了六个月。1960年7月25日，饭店最终不得不妥协，废除了种族隔离的规定。 国立美国历史博物馆展示了美国不同时期历史的演进过程，从南北战争、美国工业革命，到科学的进步历程，美国史上的点点滴滴都有包含。浏览其中，仿佛走入历史的画卷，在了解一代代移民艰苦创业、体验人文与科技的演变之余，你也许会更深地体会到，浩如星海的历史并非仅仅由大事组成，每一次历史变革都起源于我们普通百姓自己的争取和努力，每一个普通人也时时刻刻在创造着历史，也许因此，你会对生活和生命增添更多的期待和热爱吧。你看你看它们的眼钱塘湖春行白居易孤山寺北贾亭西，水面初乎云脚低。几处早莺争暖树，谁家新燕啄春泥。乱花渐欲迷人眼，浅草才能没马蹄。最爱湖东行不足，绿杨阴里白沙堤。 前两天贴了一组“乱花渐欲迷人眼”的图片，突然就想起了这组马的片子，好像只有配到一起才能对得起白翁。这组片子答应朋友很久了，要周末了，翻出来轻松一下。 曾有个朋友去新墨西哥州旅行，在沙漠地带拍到一群野马，很剽悍、很漂亮，让我很羡慕。我们山里也常看得到野马，貌似和鹿一样，已经基本上不怕人了。· 弗吉尼亚有很多牧场上经营着种马场，主要是配种生殖参加赛马比赛的公马，也允许人去参观，那里有很多漂亮的马，我惊异的是它们看人的眼神，那里面有着一种审视和警觉。([]
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